Texas Was A Country?

Help us improve the quality of our podcast by contributing to our Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/HowDidWeNotKnowThat

Show Notes

Before President James K. Polk, America looked a lot smaller than it does today. In this episode, Nat gives an overview of the Mexican-American War and how it changed the landscape of our country forever.

Sources:

Transcript

0:00:00.170,0:00:06.210
okay um hi everyone welcome to another

0:00:04.080,0:00:08.189
episode of how did we not know that I’m

0:00:06.210,0:00:14.070
one of your hosts my name is Jack and

0:00:08.189,0:00:17.820
I’m Matt and yes yeah and that’s that’s

0:00:14.070,0:00:21.980
us okay so today NAT will be presenting

0:00:17.820,0:00:24.449
on a topic that she chose go ahead now

0:00:21.980,0:00:27.510
yes I’m going to be talking about the

0:00:24.449,0:00:30.000
mexican-american war yeah

0:00:27.510,0:00:32.369
do you know much about that I know

0:00:30.000,0:00:34.170
nothing I’m guessing that William

0:00:32.369,0:00:35.790
McKinley is this the one who led us

0:00:34.170,0:00:38.879
through a result the spanish-american

0:00:35.790,0:00:42.030
war the spanish-american war so okay so

0:00:38.879,0:00:44.489
different things yeah so these are two

0:00:42.030,0:00:47.160
different things um yeah this war was

0:00:44.489,0:00:50.309
actually led by President James K Polk

0:00:47.160,0:00:50.879
um I did not know much about him as a

0:00:50.309,0:00:54.530
president

0:00:50.879,0:00:57.270
so I ever heard of him yeah yeah okay um

0:00:54.530,0:00:59.160
yeah I feel like I learned about the

0:00:57.270,0:01:02.579
mexican-american war maybe in high

0:00:59.160,0:01:05.850
school briefly um but like we didn’t

0:01:02.579,0:01:08.159
talk a lot about it also my dad is from

0:01:05.850,0:01:10.560
Mexico so like we’ll talk about it once

0:01:08.159,0:01:12.689
in a while but like I really didn’t know

0:01:10.560,0:01:14.610
the details of the war so like I had

0:01:12.689,0:01:16.280
heard about it and I was like let me

0:01:14.610,0:01:18.840
look into it a little bit more um

0:01:16.280,0:01:21.060
because it was recently Cinco de Mayo I

0:01:18.840,0:01:25.080
was thinking about past you know

0:01:21.060,0:01:27.840
us-mexico relations so yeah so as you do

0:01:25.080,0:01:29.130
on Cinco de Maya that’s how you

0:01:27.840,0:01:31.860
celebrate Cinco de Mayo

0:01:29.130,0:01:34.710
but yeah so I decided to look into this

0:01:31.860,0:01:36.659
war a little bit more so yeah so like I

0:01:34.710,0:01:39.600
said earlier it was led by President

0:01:36.659,0:01:41.970
James K Polk he was considered actually

0:01:39.600,0:01:45.600
one of the last strong presidents until

0:01:41.970,0:01:48.119
the Civil War so he was a he was a

0:01:45.600,0:01:51.119
really strong leader whether or not you

0:01:48.119,0:01:53.729
agree with his actions uh that’s the kid

0:01:51.119,0:01:55.409
I asked when he was president so he

0:01:53.729,0:01:57.990
would have been before Abraham Lincoln

0:01:55.409,0:02:01.229
and so like way back yeah so he was

0:01:57.990,0:02:06.210
actually elected in 1844 and he only

0:02:01.229,0:02:07.920
served one term from 1845 to 1849 so

0:02:06.210,0:02:11.310
this is a while back and he was a

0:02:07.920,0:02:13.000
Democrat and his whole deal was that he

0:02:11.310,0:02:16.150
was a huge supporter of manaphy

0:02:13.000,0:02:19.030
destiny manifest destiny and he wanted

0:02:16.150,0:02:21.160
to expand u.s. territory like all across

0:02:19.030,0:02:23.560
North America basically he wanted to

0:02:21.160,0:02:26.650
take over as much land as possible like

0:02:23.560,0:02:30.730
his whole campaign was at the Oregon

0:02:26.650,0:02:33.940
Territory should be reapplied and then

0:02:30.730,0:02:36.100
Texas should be Rhian –ax so we’re

0:02:33.940,0:02:37.180
gonna get it to Texas a little bit later

0:02:36.100,0:02:39.940
all right

0:02:37.180,0:02:42.220
we annexed is like we removed them like

0:02:39.940,0:02:44.550
they’re not part of us the annex is

0:02:42.220,0:02:48.400
basically like you take an independent

0:02:44.550,0:02:50.410
nation and then you like you make it a

0:02:48.400,0:02:54.730
part of your nation so you okay so we

0:02:50.410,0:02:56.530
wanted to take Texas okay this is the

0:02:54.730,0:02:59.110
part I did not know about at the time

0:02:56.530,0:03:01.030
Texas was a country it was called the

0:02:59.110,0:03:03.280
Republic of Texas but I believe that

0:03:01.030,0:03:06.100
literally if you meet anyone from Texas

0:03:03.280,0:03:07.990
they act like it’s a country still so I

0:03:06.100,0:03:09.580
was like doing my research on the

0:03:07.990,0:03:12.160
Republic of Texas and there’s a lot of

0:03:09.580,0:03:14.290
very like patriotic websites dedicated

0:03:12.160,0:03:16.959
to the whole country but yeah for nine

0:03:14.290,0:03:20.620
years it was an independent nation which

0:03:16.959,0:03:23.200
I did not know they’re like most likely

0:03:20.620,0:03:28.930
to split from the rest of the United

0:03:23.200,0:03:32.220
States likely to yeah yeah so the whole

0:03:28.930,0:03:34.870
time like James Polk really wanted to I

0:03:32.220,0:03:37.750
wanted to annex the Republic of Texas

0:03:34.870,0:03:40.269
and additionally on top of all this he

0:03:37.750,0:03:43.530
also settled a border dispute with

0:03:40.269,0:03:47.290
Britain and he gained control of

0:03:43.530,0:03:51.100
Washington Oregon Idaho and then parts

0:03:47.290,0:03:53.709
of Montana and Wyoming so this is so why

0:03:51.100,0:03:57.130
yeah if you look at a map of the u.s.

0:03:53.709,0:03:59.070
like before James President Polk and

0:03:57.130,0:04:03.519
then after President Polk it’s like

0:03:59.070,0:04:05.560
insane and so during his campaign he

0:04:03.519,0:04:09.310
also said he wanted to acquire the

0:04:05.560,0:04:11.410
southwest part of what is now today the

0:04:09.310,0:04:13.780
u.s. but he wanted to control all those

0:04:11.410,0:04:15.850
states by buying it but Mexico kept

0:04:13.780,0:04:18.940
saying like no we don’t want to sell it

0:04:15.850,0:04:22.030
oh so before then that Southwest was all

0:04:18.940,0:04:24.380
territory of Mexico like California New

0:04:22.030,0:04:27.590
Mexico Nevada

0:04:24.380,0:04:30.440
California was even Mexico’s okay what

0:04:27.590,0:04:32.570
about um like in the North II no not

0:04:30.440,0:04:35.330
northeast the Northwest area so like

0:04:32.570,0:04:37.940
Oregon and Washington was that whose was

0:04:35.330,0:04:40.280
that yeah I believe it was like British

0:04:37.940,0:04:42.950
control because that’s when comes in and

0:04:40.280,0:04:44.780
etc settles that border dispute but also

0:04:42.950,0:04:47.390
like we have to remember like before

0:04:44.780,0:04:51.350
that it was like Native American land

0:04:47.390,0:04:54.890
right like first and foremost but right

0:04:51.350,0:04:56.990
right so yeah let me jump to the

0:04:54.890,0:04:58.880
Republic of Texas because this is what

0:04:56.990,0:05:02.330
really may be interested in the whole

0:04:58.880,0:05:04.700
topic so after Mexico gains independence

0:05:02.330,0:05:07.310
from Spain so side note if you didn’t

0:05:04.700,0:05:09.170
know Mexico was a Spanish colony um so

0:05:07.310,0:05:12.560
then in Mexico gains its independence

0:05:09.170,0:05:14.780
and they allow us settlers to start

0:05:12.560,0:05:16.970
living in Texas in the state of Texas

0:05:14.780,0:05:20.120
and once this happens like the

0:05:16.970,0:05:23.860
population of Texas booms and but this

0:05:20.120,0:05:26.270
like really reduces the amount of

0:05:23.860,0:05:29.360
Mexicans living in Texas so now it’s

0:05:26.270,0:05:31.820
like mostly us settlers rather than

0:05:29.360,0:05:34.220
actual Mexicans living in Texas and so

0:05:31.820,0:05:36.830
because of this newest settlers like

0:05:34.220,0:05:39.980
revolt against Mexico and they claim

0:05:36.830,0:05:43.010
independence from the country of Mexico

0:05:39.980,0:05:44.630
in 1836 and so there’s a whole Texas

0:05:43.010,0:05:45.770
revolution that’s where I don’t know if

0:05:44.630,0:05:48.590
you’ve heard of like the Battle of the

0:05:45.770,0:05:50.990
Alamo I feel like the crown yeah I know

0:05:48.590,0:05:53.900
nothing about it I always really

0:05:50.990,0:05:59.000
remember the Alamo but yeah and they

0:05:53.900,0:06:01.760
like we’re fighting against Mexico okay

0:05:59.000,0:06:04.250
so when US settlers were fighting

0:06:01.760,0:06:08.590
against Mexico so it’s us settlers

0:06:04.250,0:06:12.139
versus like Mexican soldiers and now

0:06:08.590,0:06:14.960
settlers would okay so that’s

0:06:12.139,0:06:17.330
you say remember that Alamo I gotta look

0:06:14.960,0:06:19.340
into that I don’t know something like

0:06:17.330,0:06:21.860
the Battle of the Alamo but it was one

0:06:19.340,0:06:24.860
of the battles within the Texas

0:06:21.860,0:06:27.379
Revolution yeah I wonder why they don’t

0:06:24.860,0:06:30.710
want to forget that remember the Alamo I

0:06:27.379,0:06:33.259
did it looking to be honest like battles

0:06:30.710,0:06:35.449
are not it like my strong suit they’re

0:06:33.259,0:06:38.659
not what I’m most interested in so as

0:06:35.449,0:06:41.090
well that’s fair yeah through the

0:06:38.659,0:06:43.039
battles but yeah it’s like a rabbit hole

0:06:41.090,0:06:44.840
to I feel like when you look at one

0:06:43.039,0:06:46.819
battle it’ll connect to like multiple

0:06:44.840,0:06:51.319
other ones and then you just can’t get

0:06:46.819,0:06:54.199
it out right right yeah so Texas gains

0:06:51.319,0:06:55.819
independence and at first the US didn’t

0:06:54.199,0:06:58.520
want to incorporate it into the Union

0:06:55.819,0:07:02.150
because the northern states didn’t want

0:06:58.520,0:07:03.199
another new slave state so at the time

0:07:02.150,0:07:06.050
there was like a pretty good balance

0:07:03.199,0:07:07.460
between like slave states and non slave

0:07:06.050,0:07:09.289
states so they were like oh we don’t

0:07:07.460,0:07:13.909
need another safe safe so please don’t

0:07:09.289,0:07:15.919
please don’t join us actually it was a

0:07:13.909,0:07:17.990
pretty risky move because the Mexican

0:07:15.919,0:07:21.169
government was also encouraging border

0:07:17.990,0:07:23.599
raids and they warned that like if the

0:07:21.169,0:07:26.750
US tried to annex Texas it would lead to

0:07:23.599,0:07:28.879
war and so yeah it was a pretty risky

0:07:26.750,0:07:31.310
move and if you’re wondering like what

0:07:28.879,0:07:34.129
the Republic of Texas was like as a

0:07:31.310,0:07:37.189
country for the most part they really

0:07:34.129,0:07:39.169
had no money like credit or governmental

0:07:37.189,0:07:41.300
structures it was really hard to

0:07:39.169,0:07:44.289
establish a strong government because

0:07:41.300,0:07:47.060
they were constantly fighting against

0:07:44.289,0:07:50.089
like Mexican soldiers and then also

0:07:47.060,0:07:53.719
Native American tribes and yeah so it

0:07:50.089,0:07:56.659
was not really it it like it was a

0:07:53.719,0:08:02.000
independent nation but yeah it was not a

0:07:56.659,0:08:05.500
very strong nation so in 1844 the

0:08:02.000,0:08:08.770
president before President James Polk

0:08:05.500,0:08:13.939
who his name is President John Tyler

0:08:08.770,0:08:16.129
also don’t know much about him he right

0:08:13.939,0:08:19.159
before he leaves office he proposes a

0:08:16.129,0:08:21.680
Treaty of annexation to the republic of

0:08:19.159,0:08:25.160
texas so he also really wants to annex

0:08:21.680,0:08:27.140
Texas and this treaty is defeated in the

0:08:25.160,0:08:29.990
again because it would upset the slave

0:08:27.140,0:08:32.330
state free state balance and then

0:08:29.990,0:08:34.340
clovers go war with Mexico so they did

0:08:32.330,0:08:36.530
early no no thank you

0:08:34.340,0:08:39.289
however like pretty much like right

0:08:36.530,0:08:42.860
before he like a couple months before he

0:08:39.289,0:08:44.990
leaves office he actually does president

0:08:42.860,0:08:47.750
Tyler manages to get a congressional

0:08:44.990,0:08:51.980
resolution passed and this resolution is

0:08:47.750,0:08:55.880
signed into law on March 1st 1845 and so

0:08:51.980,0:08:58.160
then President John Tyler leaves office

0:08:55.880,0:09:00.560
President James Polk assumes office and

0:08:58.160,0:09:04.250
Texas and it’s officially admitted to

0:09:00.560,0:09:07.460
the Union on December 29 1845 so the

0:09:04.250,0:09:10.790
same day President Polk assumes office

0:09:07.460,0:09:13.280
Texas is right and the Union is like the

0:09:10.790,0:09:17.840
northern states right the Union is like

0:09:13.280,0:09:20.660
all the it’s like a you know okay it

0:09:17.840,0:09:23.180
just means the US then but yeah and I’d

0:09:20.660,0:09:25.810
it like a non slave state its Civil War

0:09:23.180,0:09:29.210
then you have like Union say

0:09:25.810,0:09:31.750
Confederates like my time it’s like the

0:09:29.210,0:09:35.270
Union is like it’s just everything okay

0:09:31.750,0:09:37.940
what side was Texas on for the Civil War

0:09:35.270,0:09:41.120
do you remember their Confederate

0:09:37.940,0:09:43.610
they’re like Oh in the south and they

0:09:41.120,0:09:46.910
were also a safe State so okay Shane

0:09:43.610,0:09:48.410
yeah so this is like yeah again just a

0:09:46.910,0:09:49.660
reminder like this is all right before

0:09:48.410,0:09:53.300
the Civil War

0:09:49.660,0:09:56.750
mmm like gives you a better yeah

0:09:53.300,0:09:58.550
understanding so even though like Mexico

0:09:56.750,0:10:01.160
was like hey if you guys annex Texas

0:09:58.550,0:10:02.960
we’re gonna go to war with you they

0:10:01.160,0:10:05.860
actually don’t end up declaring war

0:10:02.960,0:10:08.380
however like tensions start rising

0:10:05.860,0:10:11.960
because there’s huge border disputes

0:10:08.380,0:10:15.050
like even though the u.s. annexed Texas

0:10:11.960,0:10:16.400
like Texas is a huge state and so even

0:10:15.050,0:10:20.750
within that state there were border

0:10:16.400,0:10:23.390
disputes over like weird where the two

0:10:20.750,0:10:26.780
countries split off so basically Mexico

0:10:23.390,0:10:29.540
claims that this USS River is the border

0:10:26.780,0:10:33.140
but the US wants the Rio Grande to be

0:10:29.540,0:10:35.600
the border and so like they’re fighting

0:10:33.140,0:10:38.480
and arguing and within that border like

0:10:35.600,0:10:39.740
there’s a lot of like small little

0:10:38.480,0:10:45.519
permission I guess you would call them

0:10:39.740,0:10:51.079
like not official battles a skirmish is

0:10:45.519,0:10:54.920
actual term squirmish but I had like a

0:10:51.079,0:10:57.380
scuffle or something yeah I don’t know

0:10:54.920,0:10:59.029
yeah scrimmage scrimmage is like sports

0:10:57.380,0:11:01.670
when it’s like not a real game it’s a

0:10:59.029,0:11:03.529
scrimmage yeah okay maybe that’s what

0:11:01.670,0:11:08.990
I’m thinking of either way they’re like

0:11:03.529,0:11:14.570
my minor little stuff Oh war yet however

0:11:08.990,0:11:17.300
so July 1845 so Hulk and so this is

0:11:14.570,0:11:19.339
before like Texas is officially declared

0:11:17.300,0:11:21.019
a state right but this is kind of like

0:11:19.339,0:11:22.490
after resolutions have been passed so

0:11:21.019,0:11:24.709
they’re like okay it’s pretty much gonna

0:11:22.490,0:11:27.440
be official so will President Polk send

0:11:24.709,0:11:29.120
US troops to this like disputed land

0:11:27.440,0:11:33.320
that’s between the new Estes and the Rio

0:11:29.120,0:11:36.290
Grande and then in November 1845

0:11:33.320,0:11:39.110
President Polk sends a diplomat named

0:11:36.290,0:11:43.430
John Slidell to Mexico in order to seek

0:11:39.110,0:11:46.430
like boundary adjustments however in

0:11:43.430,0:11:48.949
they also want to like by California and

0:11:46.430,0:11:51.079
New Mexico but this doesn’t work out and

0:11:48.949,0:11:52.940
they kind of Mexico kind of shoots them

0:11:51.079,0:11:54.470
down they’re like no like we’re good we

0:11:52.940,0:11:59.000
just want to keep all of our land like

0:11:54.470,0:12:01.130
please leave us alone and because like

0:11:59.000,0:12:03.139
President Polk is very determined to

0:12:01.130,0:12:06.500
acquire all this land so he sends

0:12:03.139,0:12:08.480
general Zachary Taylor to the mouth of

0:12:06.500,0:12:12.139
the Rio Grande so this is kind of like

0:12:08.480,0:12:14.839
okay where this is official and we’re

0:12:12.139,0:12:18.010
taking this over basically so on April

0:12:14.839,0:12:20.810
25th 1846 the next year basically

0:12:18.010,0:12:23.420
Mexican Calvary attacks a group of US

0:12:20.810,0:12:26.810
soldiers in this disputed zone between

0:12:23.420,0:12:29.240
the two rivers and this these US troops

0:12:26.810,0:12:33.829
are under the command of general Zachary

0:12:29.240,0:12:39.019
Taylor and so about a dozen Americans

0:12:33.829,0:12:41.329
are killed and additionally Mexican

0:12:39.019,0:12:43.910
troops laid siege to an American fort

0:12:41.329,0:12:46.269
along the Rio Grande and so they kind of

0:12:43.910,0:12:48.019
like won this little battle and then

0:12:46.269,0:12:49.390
like after this

0:12:48.019,0:12:52.320
so after there they’re like winning

0:12:49.390,0:12:54.570
general Taylor calls in for reinforce

0:12:52.320,0:12:56.180
and this reinforcement is like they have

0:12:54.570,0:12:59.600
a lot of better weapons and our killer

0:12:56.180,0:13:02.690
artillery so like basically after that

0:12:59.600,0:13:04.649
there’s like a lot more battles but

0:13:02.690,0:13:06.839
basically I think once we call

0:13:04.649,0:13:10.019
reinforcements and we get congressional

0:13:06.839,0:13:12.120
support we’re able to like attack all of

0:13:10.019,0:13:15.089
these all of the Mexican troops that are

0:13:12.120,0:13:17.040
being sent and yeah and then we

0:13:15.089,0:13:19.740
basically win like everything after this

0:13:17.040,0:13:22.319
yeah so this little so because we kind

0:13:19.740,0:13:24.360
of lost this little upset President Polk

0:13:22.319,0:13:26.190
was like really really pissed and he

0:13:24.360,0:13:28.110
goes to Congress and he’s like hey like

0:13:26.190,0:13:29.819
we really need to declare war because

0:13:28.110,0:13:31.500
like so far you guys have been kind of

0:13:29.819,0:13:34.350
lenient I know you don’t want to upset

0:13:31.500,0:13:36.899
like the balance between the states but

0:13:34.350,0:13:39.120
like they’re attacking us so we have to

0:13:36.899,0:13:41.430
go to war so on May 13th Congress

0:13:39.120,0:13:43.199
declares war and again there’s

0:13:41.430,0:13:44.670
opposition from all the northern states

0:13:43.199,0:13:47.370
they’re like please don’t do this

0:13:44.670,0:13:48.959
um and additionally there’s throughout

0:13:47.370,0:13:51.449
this whole mexican-american war there’s

0:13:48.959,0:13:54.060
actually no official declaration of war

0:13:51.449,0:13:56.360
from Mexico so this is just kind of like

0:13:54.060,0:14:00.329
on the American side so I think that’s

0:13:56.360,0:14:02.430
important to keep in mind uh so after

0:14:00.329,0:14:04.620
this after this all happens the

0:14:02.430,0:14:06.870
mexican-american war goes into full

0:14:04.620,0:14:09.959
fledge so just to give you a little like

0:14:06.870,0:14:18.149
overview of the war as a whole so it

0:14:09.959,0:14:20.550
lasts from 1846 to 1847 Flick fought

0:14:18.149,0:14:23.339
mainly on foreign soil so I thought that

0:14:20.550,0:14:24.990
was super interesting yeah maybe that’s

0:14:23.339,0:14:28.440
why we don’t care about it so much

0:14:24.990,0:14:31.230
because it wasn’t on US soil yeah yeah

0:14:28.440,0:14:34.050
it was fought mostly on Mexican

0:14:31.230,0:14:36.870
territory and I mean the whole purpose

0:14:34.050,0:14:40.439
was like for territorial acquisition and

0:14:36.870,0:14:42.209
like so it’s yeah maybe that’s why we

0:14:40.439,0:14:44.760
don’t really talk about it as much but

0:14:42.209,0:14:46.889
there’s a lot of like high morale on the

0:14:44.760,0:14:49.290
US side because at this time we have a

0:14:46.889,0:14:51.149
really strong Navy our government

0:14:49.290,0:14:52.800
leadership is super strong as well and

0:14:51.149,0:14:54.300
then our economy is doing a lot better

0:14:52.800,0:14:56.370
than Mexico so everyone’s pretty

0:14:54.300,0:14:59.069
confident that we’re going to win this

0:14:56.370,0:15:01.829
um and additionally at this point

0:14:59.069,0:15:03.870
there’s only around seventy five

0:15:01.829,0:15:05.050
thousand Mexicans that are currently

0:15:03.870,0:15:07.060
living north of the

0:15:05.050,0:15:09.190
Rio Grande so because of this it’s like

0:15:07.060,0:15:11.980
really easy to conquer these lands

0:15:09.190,0:15:13.140
so wait before you on where is the Rio

0:15:11.980,0:15:16.060
Grande

0:15:13.140,0:15:19.019
that’s actually a little like a spoiler

0:15:16.060,0:15:22.899
that’s our that’s a current like border

0:15:19.019,0:15:27.790
a natural border between the u.s. and

0:15:22.899,0:15:32.970
Mexico oh I see okay Texas today I guess

0:15:27.790,0:15:35.740
ah so yeah it’s a really big river and

0:15:32.970,0:15:38.440
yeah it’s spoiler alert that’s that’s

0:15:35.740,0:15:42.850
not creme order today so I guess we know

0:15:38.440,0:15:44.440
how this ends but yeah you’re like

0:15:42.850,0:15:47.740
saving it for later it’s why you didn’t

0:15:44.440,0:15:51.040
tell me it’s fine I feel like yeah

0:15:47.740,0:15:55.540
people probably know but you know yeah

0:15:51.040,0:15:58.899
and but yeah so I guess there’s a lot of

0:15:55.540,0:16:01.540
battles there’s I could list them off is

0:15:58.899,0:16:03.579
the Battle of Buena Vista in February

0:16:01.540,0:16:05.649
1847

0:16:03.579,0:16:08.440
there’s the Battle of Veracruz the

0:16:05.649,0:16:10.360
Battle of Mexico City and again I kind

0:16:08.440,0:16:13.329
of like I’m just listing these off I

0:16:10.360,0:16:14.920
don’t mean to like diminish the I guess

0:16:13.329,0:16:17.500
the importance of these battles and like

0:16:14.920,0:16:21.670
make light of it I just I’m not I don’t

0:16:17.500,0:16:23.589
think I’m person qualified hungry yeah

0:16:21.670,0:16:26.380
these battles I don’t really have a

0:16:23.589,0:16:28.089
strong knowledge of like military and

0:16:26.380,0:16:30.880
like artillery like during this period

0:16:28.089,0:16:33.850
so yeah if you would like to learn more

0:16:30.880,0:16:37.390
please go ahead and look at history calm

0:16:33.850,0:16:40.480
has some amazing about these battles but

0:16:37.390,0:16:44.020
um so now I’m going to jump to like

0:16:40.480,0:16:45.970
Mexico’s perspective so Mexico is like

0:16:44.020,0:16:48.070
not doing great they’ve won they’ve lost

0:16:45.970,0:16:50.380
sorry they’ve lost pretty much every

0:16:48.070,0:16:55.209
battle um and it doesn’t look like

0:16:50.380,0:16:57.550
they’re gonna win and so they in a put

0:16:55.209,0:17:01.240
in like an act of desperation they turn

0:16:57.550,0:17:03.279
to general Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana

0:17:01.240,0:17:05.939
and so let me tell you a little bit

0:17:03.279,0:17:09.240
about this guy see the guy kind of a

0:17:05.939,0:17:13.839
wild wild record so he’s this very

0:17:09.240,0:17:16.929
charismatic leader uh who was actually

0:17:13.839,0:17:18.339
kind of a former dictator in Mexico um

0:17:16.929,0:17:19.990
and

0:17:18.339,0:17:23.409
you at this point in time he was

0:17:19.990,0:17:24.819
currently living in exile in Cuba so he

0:17:23.409,0:17:26.500
had like been arrested in Mexico and

0:17:24.819,0:17:28.750
they’re like get out like we don’t want

0:17:26.500,0:17:32.740
you anymore you’re kind of you’re too

0:17:28.750,0:17:36.640
much for us until in Cuba which was a

0:17:32.740,0:17:39.580
Spanish colony at the time however so

0:17:36.640,0:17:41.529
general Santa Anna like so they’re

0:17:39.580,0:17:43.419
Mexico is like you’re a really good

0:17:41.529,0:17:46.029
military leader so like we kind of need

0:17:43.419,0:17:48.429
you right now and Santa I was like okay

0:17:46.029,0:17:50.529
I’ll be there but I can’t really like

0:17:48.429,0:17:53.919
get there because like there’s so many

0:17:50.529,0:17:55.659
US naval blockades blocking my path like

0:17:53.919,0:17:58.750
I can’t get to Mexico from Cuba

0:17:55.659,0:17:59.289
and so what he does is he so general

0:17:58.750,0:18:02.470
Santa Anna

0:17:59.289,0:18:06.970
like talks to well I guess communicate

0:18:02.470,0:18:10.690
somehow through mail Oh carrier pigeons

0:18:06.970,0:18:12.940
or something so somehow he gets in touch

0:18:10.690,0:18:17.260
with President Polk and he’s like hey

0:18:12.940,0:18:19.120
like if you allow me to return to Mexico

0:18:17.260,0:18:21.970
and pass through all your naval

0:18:19.120,0:18:24.370
blockades I’m gonna end this war in

0:18:21.970,0:18:26.740
terms favorable to the US so he’s like

0:18:24.370,0:18:28.570
I’m gonna help out the US and they’re

0:18:26.740,0:18:30.580
like he’s like don’t worry like Mexico

0:18:28.570,0:18:33.549
wants me back but I’m not gonna let them

0:18:30.580,0:18:36.669
like win and so President Polk was like

0:18:33.549,0:18:40.390
okay cool like thanks you can go ahead

0:18:36.669,0:18:42.450
like so general Santana he makes it to

0:18:40.390,0:18:44.980
Mexico and then he immediately

0:18:42.450,0:18:46.630
double-crosses President Polk by taking

0:18:44.980,0:18:48.190
control of the Mexican army and then

0:18:46.630,0:18:51.100
leading it it’s a battle and like

0:18:48.190,0:18:54.220
straight thing the Mexican army he’s

0:18:51.100,0:18:54.850
like I played you so I’m honestly not

0:18:54.220,0:18:57.549
surprised

0:18:54.850,0:19:00.070
I don’t know how President Polk was like

0:18:57.549,0:19:03.010
yeah that sounds cool like his defense

0:19:00.070,0:19:05.770
like this general had been exiled from

0:19:03.010,0:19:07.510
Mexico and they like kinda all hated him

0:19:05.770,0:19:09.340
and they’re like okay so he made the

0:19:07.510,0:19:11.559
case like I don’t even look like Mexico

0:19:09.340,0:19:15.360
I’m gonna help you guys we’re not on the

0:19:11.559,0:19:18.669
same side so but okay well because of

0:19:15.360,0:19:19.870
general Santana the war lasts for almost

0:19:18.669,0:19:22.779
two years

0:19:19.870,0:19:24.760
so I mean it probably would’ve lasted a

0:19:22.779,0:19:28.360
lot shorter because the u.s. was like

0:19:24.760,0:19:32.200
doing so well before he came um so yeah

0:19:28.360,0:19:32.679
because his arrival and then his kind of

0:19:32.200,0:19:35.769
like

0:19:32.679,0:19:37.539
shaping of the whole army yeah it lasts

0:19:35.769,0:19:38.980
for like a lot longer than the US had

0:19:37.539,0:19:41.049
expected they kind of thought it was

0:19:38.980,0:19:44.350
going to be like really quick over and

0:19:41.049,0:19:48.639
done but it kind of dragged on a lot

0:19:44.350,0:19:52.450
longer they had expected and so yeah

0:19:48.639,0:19:54.249
there’s so many battles one battle that

0:19:52.450,0:19:56.740
I did want to go into a little bit more

0:19:54.249,0:20:01.179
detail about what’s called the Bear Flag

0:19:56.740,0:20:05.440
Revolt which is which was from June to

0:20:01.179,0:20:08.950
July in 1846 and so remember how I said

0:20:05.440,0:20:10.600
earlier um California used to be part of

0:20:08.950,0:20:13.059
Mexico that’s why I like in California

0:20:10.600,0:20:17.950
there’s so many like city names and

0:20:13.059,0:20:21.639
places that are like in Spanish huh and

0:20:17.950,0:20:24.759
so again in California there are a lot

0:20:21.639,0:20:26.889
of us settlers not as many as there were

0:20:24.759,0:20:29.860
in Texas but they’re still like a good

0:20:26.889,0:20:32.529
amount of US settlers in California and

0:20:29.860,0:20:34.269
so this there’s a small group of these

0:20:32.529,0:20:36.159
settlers that actually rebelled against

0:20:34.269,0:20:39.399
the Mexican government and then they

0:20:36.159,0:20:43.269
proclaimed the state of California as an

0:20:39.399,0:20:44.799
independent republic and so they yeah so

0:20:43.269,0:20:47.080
they like me they called it like the

0:20:44.799,0:20:51.249
fair flag state and they had a whole

0:20:47.080,0:20:53.379
bear flag okay is that the one that we

0:20:51.249,0:20:57.759
still have today that’s the one we still

0:20:53.379,0:20:59.889
have today okay yeah so I also make

0:20:57.759,0:21:01.869
sense to you I would say Texas is the

0:20:59.889,0:21:03.129
first state that I would be like yeah

0:21:01.869,0:21:05.110
they’re definitely gonna be their own

0:21:03.129,0:21:05.950
country and then California is a close

0:21:05.110,0:21:09.100
second

0:21:05.950,0:21:11.529
mm-hmm yeah yeah yeah I was like okay

0:21:09.100,0:21:13.720
this makes a lot more sense like

0:21:11.529,0:21:17.110
everything is clicking into place yeah

0:21:13.720,0:21:18.820
like however so the Republic of Texas

0:21:17.110,0:21:22.720
lasted for about nine years

0:21:18.820,0:21:27.190
but the Bear Flag state only lasted

0:21:22.720,0:21:30.129
about like three weeks because it’s so

0:21:27.190,0:21:31.690
embarrassing it’s pretty rough so like

0:21:30.129,0:21:33.220
basically like they were both against

0:21:31.690,0:21:34.929
the Mexican government they raise their

0:21:33.220,0:21:37.570
flag and then like about three weeks

0:21:34.929,0:21:39.850
later like the US military starts

0:21:37.570,0:21:42.249
occupying California they were like oh

0:21:39.850,0:21:43.840
we didn’t realize you’re like you’re

0:21:42.249,0:21:45.999
like this whole war is happening and

0:21:43.840,0:21:46.539
you’re like trying to claim all this

0:21:45.999,0:21:50.019
territory

0:21:46.539,0:21:53.259
so yeah so California actually joins a

0:21:50.019,0:21:55.029
union in the year 1850 and yeah the Bear

0:21:53.259,0:22:03.690
Flag became the official state flag in

0:21:55.029,0:22:06.579
1911 Wow so after all these battles um

0:22:03.690,0:22:08.799
Santa Ana hee general Santa Anna in

0:22:06.579,0:22:11.799
Mexico he’s not getting a lot of support

0:22:08.799,0:22:14.889
because even though like he did help

0:22:11.799,0:22:18.099
strengthen the Mexican army like there’s

0:22:14.889,0:22:20.679
only so much you could do um or he could

0:22:18.099,0:22:23.919
do because the u.s. just had a lot

0:22:20.679,0:22:26.409
better I guess artillery and like

0:22:23.919,0:22:30.279
weapons and yeah they had more funding

0:22:26.409,0:22:33.849
and so general Santa Anna quickly loses

0:22:30.279,0:22:36.909
public support and so he resigns slash

0:22:33.849,0:22:38.709
is pretty much overthrown it’s so kind

0:22:36.909,0:22:41.319
of like yeah they pretty much kick him

0:22:38.709,0:22:43.119
out and he’s exiled again and he like he

0:22:41.319,0:22:45.219
lives all over the world in exile it’s

0:22:43.119,0:22:49.299
crazy you people should look into his

0:22:45.219,0:22:52.799
bio he he lived a wild life really did

0:22:49.299,0:22:55.209
he lived everywhere um and so after this

0:22:52.799,0:22:56.919
so the US has won all these battles and

0:22:55.209,0:22:58.719
at this point in time they’re pretty

0:22:56.919,0:23:01.719
much just waiting for a new government

0:22:58.719,0:23:04.419
that’s capable of negotiations like to

0:23:01.719,0:23:08.709
form into place so they pretty much won

0:23:04.419,0:23:12.129
so flash forward nice word why do I okay

0:23:08.709,0:23:14.769
fast forward to February 2nd 1848 the

0:23:12.129,0:23:18.369
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo is signed

0:23:14.769,0:23:20.889
and so this treaty between the u.s. and

0:23:18.369,0:23:23.499
Mexico establishes the Rio Grande as a

0:23:20.889,0:23:24.729
US Mexican border which is the border

0:23:23.499,0:23:27.399
that select this today

0:23:24.729,0:23:29.919
and then Mexico officially recognizes

0:23:27.399,0:23:32.109
u.s. annexation of Texas and is like

0:23:29.919,0:23:34.479
okay you guys can keep it and then

0:23:32.109,0:23:38.889
Mexico additionally agrees to sell

0:23:34.479,0:23:41.499
California and the rest of its territory

0:23:38.889,0:23:45.819
north of the Rio Grande for fifteen

0:23:41.499,0:23:49.629
million dollars plus assumption of

0:23:45.819,0:23:53.109
certain damages claims and so how much

0:23:49.629,0:23:56.499
is that in today’s yeah I was gonna

0:23:53.109,0:24:00.540
that’s a lie 50 million in like the

0:23:56.499,0:24:03.179
1800s but yeah

0:24:00.540,0:24:07.470
yeah I can’t imagine that’s gotta be

0:24:03.179,0:24:14.540
like try double-digit billion maybe yeah

0:24:07.470,0:24:14.540
yeah um so I can’t really find

0:24:14.570,0:24:18.889
I can’t keep finding conflicting numbers

0:24:16.369,0:24:23.109
but basically it was a lot a lot of

0:24:18.889,0:24:26.389
money yeah good for Mexico make them pay

0:24:23.109,0:24:27.919
sounds like they got bullied right and I

0:24:26.389,0:24:30.799
was like actually kind of surprised that

0:24:27.919,0:24:32.659
like they still paid Mexico for the

0:24:30.799,0:24:33.649
territory I was like I kind of assumed

0:24:32.659,0:24:35.629
the worst and they were just gonna be

0:24:33.649,0:24:36.889
like well you law so it’s not just like

0:24:35.629,0:24:40.009
not ours now

0:24:36.889,0:24:42.440
yeah but this treaty so this treaty

0:24:40.009,0:24:44.539
actually added an additional five

0:24:42.440,0:24:49.549
hundred twenty five thousand square

0:24:44.539,0:24:51.949
miles to the US so it’s crazy so so okay

0:24:49.549,0:24:53.989
the aftermath of the war is insane

0:24:51.949,0:24:57.799
because Mexico loses about a third of

0:24:53.989,0:25:01.039
its territory so the u.s. gains

0:24:57.799,0:25:03.349
California Arizona New Mexico and then

0:25:01.039,0:25:06.379
parts of Utah Nevada Wyoming and

0:25:03.349,0:25:08.569
Colorado so again if you look at a map

0:25:06.379,0:25:10.969
before and after the mexican-american

0:25:08.569,0:25:15.679
war it’s crazy how much land was

0:25:10.969,0:25:18.259
acquired um and so even though President

0:25:15.679,0:25:20.539
Polk had won the war he actually lost

0:25:18.259,0:25:23.119
public support because the war had

0:25:20.539,0:25:25.489
lasted about like two years and it was

0:25:23.119,0:25:27.019
really bloody and like it costs the US a

0:25:25.489,0:25:28.369
lot of money and they were kind of like

0:25:27.019,0:25:30.440
we thought this was going to be like

0:25:28.369,0:25:33.649
less than a year but you kind of dragged

0:25:30.440,0:25:36.529
out and so yeah people are upset with

0:25:33.649,0:25:39.709
him and additionally this war reignited

0:25:36.529,0:25:42.319
the slavery debate and it ultimately

0:25:39.709,0:25:44.449
results in a civil war in the 1860s so

0:25:42.319,0:25:47.269
this was like a precursor to the civil

0:25:44.449,0:25:49.849
war because people started like I guess

0:25:47.269,0:25:52.129
yeah regretting this debate because all

0:25:49.849,0:25:54.139
these states a lot of them are going to

0:25:52.129,0:25:55.339
end up is people are arguing are they

0:25:54.139,0:25:56.809
going to be like slave states are they

0:25:55.339,0:26:00.339
gonna be free states and the whole

0:25:56.809,0:26:04.789
debate ensues and so yeah okay he’s not

0:26:00.339,0:26:07.819
doing well with the polls he doesn’t

0:26:04.789,0:26:10.159
seek reelection and he actually so

0:26:07.819,0:26:13.729
President Polk actually passes away in

0:26:10.159,0:26:15.889
June 18-49 pretty much right after he

0:26:13.729,0:26:20.539
leaves office and he’s 53 at the time

0:26:15.889,0:26:22.729
and so in the next election so if you’re

0:26:20.539,0:26:26.690
wondering who like who becomes president

0:26:22.729,0:26:28.110
after James Polk so remember a general

0:26:26.690,0:26:30.929
Zachary Taylor from early

0:26:28.110,0:26:32.669
so he had me he was the one who like led

0:26:30.929,0:26:34.409
all the US troops to fight against

0:26:32.669,0:26:37.620
Mexico and because of this he became

0:26:34.409,0:26:41.960
like a national hero so he actually wins

0:26:37.620,0:26:45.990
the next election however so so

0:26:41.960,0:26:48.600
president Zachary Taylor is in office

0:26:45.990,0:26:51.210
however he actually becomes severely ill

0:26:48.600,0:26:54.269
and he passes away sixteen months after

0:26:51.210,0:26:55.769
his inauguration Wow

0:26:54.269,0:26:59.760
yeah I was gonna say I’ve never heard of

0:26:55.769,0:27:02.130
Zachary Taylor I cuz he yeah he passed

0:26:59.760,0:27:06.059
away like really quickly after he

0:27:02.130,0:27:09.360
assumed office and so he is Millard

0:27:06.059,0:27:12.179
Fillmore and he assumes office after

0:27:09.360,0:27:14.279
that so that’s also never heard of

0:27:12.179,0:27:17.549
president

0:27:14.279,0:27:20.070
yikes yeah I just automatically assumed

0:27:17.549,0:27:24.110
I was like okay this is before the Civil

0:27:20.070,0:27:24.110
War so like Abraham Lincoln’s next

0:27:25.620,0:27:30.500
[Music]

0:27:27.529,0:27:34.049
favorite prezi

0:27:30.500,0:27:36.840
yeah so that’s pretty much the Mexican

0:27:34.049,0:27:39.000
American War one quick thing I did want

0:27:36.840,0:27:42.179
to talk about so it was recently a sink

0:27:39.000,0:27:45.059
was a mile and so there’s a lot of like

0:27:42.179,0:27:46.830
misconception about what like sinkhole

0:27:45.059,0:27:48.779
or they might actually celebrates so I

0:27:46.830,0:27:51.659
wanted to ask you if you know like what

0:27:48.779,0:27:54.330
the celebration behind Cinco de Mayo is

0:27:51.659,0:27:56.399
like why that’s a yeah I hope I get this

0:27:54.330,0:27:58.649
right because you know my best family

0:27:56.399,0:28:01.529
friends are Mexican American so I’m

0:27:58.649,0:28:06.419
pretty sure Cinco de Mayo is when the

0:28:01.529,0:28:07.769
the Mexican army had to okay but this is

0:28:06.419,0:28:09.929
probably completely wrong but I thought

0:28:07.769,0:28:12.779
the French army was trying to take over

0:28:09.929,0:28:15.299
Mexico and the Mexicans had like maybe

0:28:12.779,0:28:17.639
like a fifth of the size of like the

0:28:15.299,0:28:20.399
French army and like way less resources

0:28:17.639,0:28:21.269
but they somehow won and like we’re able

0:28:20.399,0:28:24.269
to sell

0:28:21.269,0:28:27.090
yeah keep you go yeah no you’re like

0:28:24.269,0:28:29.159
completely 100 percent correct yes all

0:28:27.090,0:28:30.990
right cool cool cuz a lot of people

0:28:29.159,0:28:33.779
think it’s like oh Mexico’s independence

0:28:30.990,0:28:35.639
day but it’s a holiday that celebrates

0:28:33.779,0:28:37.799
yeah the day that they won this battle

0:28:35.639,0:28:40.500
against the French army in the shrinko

0:28:37.799,0:28:41.940
Mexican War so nice like Mexico ends up

0:28:40.500,0:28:43.950
losing this war but this

0:28:41.940,0:28:46.889
it was like really significant because

0:28:43.950,0:28:49.200
like the odds were not in their favor

0:28:46.889,0:28:51.080
but they still want so definitely yeah I

0:28:49.200,0:28:52.740
know okay I’m so glad I got that right

0:28:51.080,0:28:56.159
dr. barrows

0:28:52.740,0:29:00.299
I love you guys yeah we love it so yeah

0:28:56.159,0:29:02.639
that’s amazing work nice thank you for

0:29:00.299,0:29:04.950
sharing today I think it even though

0:29:02.639,0:29:07.830
like it president and Pope lost the

0:29:04.950,0:29:09.570
favor in turn it is like good because it

0:29:07.830,0:29:13.289
sparks the slavery debate which was

0:29:09.570,0:29:16.289
necessary for moving forward 100% 100%

0:29:13.289,0:29:19.379
and yeah yeah again like these maps like

0:29:16.289,0:29:21.899
before and after the war like how much

0:29:19.379,0:29:25.710
the US grows is crazy

0:29:21.899,0:29:29.100
and yeah I mean I didn’t realize like I

0:29:25.710,0:29:31.559
knew we had that Mexico like lost a lot

0:29:29.100,0:29:33.559
of its territory to territory to the US

0:29:31.559,0:29:36.360
but yeah you look at these maps and it’s

0:29:33.559,0:29:38.250
so crazy to think about they Mexico

0:29:36.360,0:29:40.590
literally lost a third of its territory

0:29:38.250,0:29:43.340
in this war so yeah they really smell

0:29:40.590,0:29:46.159
like they got pushed around a bit so

0:29:43.340,0:29:48.450
synchrony Maya always a big deal that

0:29:46.159,0:29:51.169
we’re like we’re done with this thing

0:29:48.450,0:29:53.730
but it might happen after this

0:29:51.169,0:29:58.080
mexican-american war before yeah it’s

0:29:53.730,0:30:00.600
after so it’s in 1862 nice so yeah and

0:29:58.080,0:30:02.850
actually like see code a mile is not

0:30:00.600,0:30:04.649
really celebrated as much in Mexico

0:30:02.850,0:30:06.750
itself like my family that lives in

0:30:04.649,0:30:08.820
Mexico like they don’t really celebrate

0:30:06.750,0:30:11.250
it I think I’m like Pueblo where the

0:30:08.820,0:30:12.720
battle was fought I think like the

0:30:11.250,0:30:14.730
people living there celebrate it more

0:30:12.720,0:30:18.659
but it’s really like it some was an

0:30:14.730,0:30:20.639
American honestly I feel like we just

0:30:18.659,0:30:24.559
took it over so we could have coupons on

0:30:20.639,0:30:24.559
like taco is there something that day

0:30:26.490,0:30:38.789
[Music]

The Great Depression Was A GOOD Thing?

Help us improve the quality of our podcast by contributing to our Patreon:
https://www.patreon.com/HowDidWeNotKnowThat

Show Notes

Historical unemployment, widespread homelessness, stock market crashes, and failing crops characterized the American Great Depression; but could the immense suffering have actually been a good thing? In this episode Jac explains the start and end of the Great Depression, differences in the lives of people going through it, and the light on the other side.

Sources:

https://www.ducksters.com/history/us_1900s/great_depression.php

https://www.ducksters.com/history/us_1900s/first_new_deal.php

https://www.businessinsider.com/how-the-mob-crushed-it-during-the-great-depression-2015-6

https://www.biography.com/crime-figure/lucky-luciano

https://www.history.com/topics/great-depression/dust-bowl

https://www.history.com/topics/crime/mafia-in-the-united-states

https://www.cnbc.com/2020/04/30/us-weekly-jobless-claims.html

Transcript

0:00:00.030,0:00:07.259
all right hello and welcome to how did

0:00:04.259,0:00:10.200
we not know that my name is NAT I’m one

0:00:07.259,0:00:13.320
of your co-hosts and I’m Jac I’m your

0:00:10.200,0:00:14.700
other co-host and Jack doing a toast

0:00:13.320,0:00:20.760
what we’re gonna be talking about on

0:00:14.700,0:00:23.939
today’s episode first sure so with the

0:00:20.760,0:00:27.439
coronavirus situation happening we’re

0:00:23.939,0:00:31.320
having a lot of economic trouble

0:00:27.439,0:00:34.739
including lots of job losses lots of

0:00:31.320,0:00:36.710
crashes in the market and uncertainty so

0:00:34.739,0:00:38.760
I thought it’d be interesting if we

0:00:36.710,0:00:43.320
talked a little bit more about the Great

0:00:38.760,0:00:45.480
Depression and compared parallels not

0:00:43.320,0:00:56.190
tell me what you know about the Great

0:00:45.480,0:00:58.859
Depression in elementary school you guys

0:00:56.190,0:01:02.309
covered the Great Depression sixth grade

0:00:58.859,0:01:05.610
that’s heavy I don’t know I feel like

0:01:02.309,0:01:08.130
okay so from what I remember I always we

0:01:05.610,0:01:13.170
talked about like the New Deal a lot and

0:01:08.130,0:01:16.520
then like yeah that like from what I

0:01:13.170,0:01:19.229
know the New Deal like pulled us out of

0:01:16.520,0:01:22.560
probably prove me wrong

0:01:19.229,0:01:25.650
and then Oh like I just remember like

0:01:22.560,0:01:26.970
hearing all about like how everyone lost

0:01:25.650,0:01:30.030
their job and everyone’s like homeless

0:01:26.970,0:01:34.020
oh also the musical annie’ like that set

0:01:30.030,0:01:35.850
in the oh I didn’t know that so she’s

0:01:34.020,0:01:39.570
like the Little Orphan Annie and then

0:01:35.850,0:01:40.890
Daddy Warbucks okay I had no idea that

0:01:39.570,0:01:45.450
that wasn’t I felt like it was like

0:01:40.890,0:01:46.670
Roaring Twenties was like that maybe it

0:01:45.450,0:01:49.110
is the Great Depression

0:01:46.670,0:01:52.829
you’re like Daddy Warbucks wouldn’t be

0:01:49.110,0:01:54.710
so cheery if it was depression so the

0:01:52.829,0:01:57.210
Great Depression is after World War one

0:01:54.710,0:02:01.110
yeah after World War one we have the

0:01:57.210,0:02:03.780
roaring 20s so here we have yeah and

0:02:01.110,0:02:05.700
then before World War II exactly gotcha

0:02:03.780,0:02:10.959
so yeah that’s basically what I know it

0:02:05.700,0:02:13.420
was just the worst it was it was

0:02:10.959,0:02:17.430
it’s not fun so my grandparents told me

0:02:13.420,0:02:23.760
like how is it what we like the worst

0:02:17.430,0:02:23.760
yeah so my grandparents are

0:02:24.239,0:02:27.569
we’re gonna in like the United States in

0:02:26.459,0:02:29.909
that generation so they would have

0:02:27.569,0:02:34.769
migrated to the states from Italy and

0:02:29.909,0:02:37.769
like the Czech Republic in like late

0:02:34.769,0:02:41.310
1800s Early 1900s so my grandparents

0:02:37.769,0:02:45.209
were going through it as children and a

0:02:41.310,0:02:46.680
lot of the there’s like a legacy that a

0:02:45.209,0:02:49.079
lot of people talk about that happened

0:02:46.680,0:02:50.730
after the Great Depression that affected

0:02:49.079,0:02:51.299
the upcoming generations and it’s so

0:02:50.730,0:02:53.159
true

0:02:51.299,0:02:55.409
I didn’t get to talk to my grandparents

0:02:53.159,0:02:57.239
about what it was like growing up but I

0:02:55.409,0:02:59.819
there a lot of things that they would do

0:02:57.239,0:03:01.290
like my grandpa would store he didn’t

0:02:59.819,0:03:03.180
trust the banks he would always store

0:03:01.290,0:03:06.510
his money in his mattress like he legit

0:03:03.180,0:03:08.609
did that man thanks for collapsing right

0:03:06.510,0:03:11.370
exactly and he you know he lived through

0:03:08.609,0:03:14.819
a few recessions too because this was a

0:03:11.370,0:03:15.930
big one and I think most people aren’t

0:03:14.819,0:03:18.359
familiar with the dates with the Great

0:03:15.930,0:03:23.310
Depression but the stock market crashed

0:03:18.359,0:03:25.530
in 1929 and it didn’t hit the bottom so

0:03:23.310,0:03:27.299
that’s the first crash is 1929 the

0:03:25.530,0:03:30.930
bottom that the stocks were gonna crash

0:03:27.299,0:03:33.359
to didn’t happen till 1933 so that’s

0:03:30.930,0:03:36.209
like four years of it just going down

0:03:33.359,0:03:39.480
like not not going up at all everything

0:03:36.209,0:03:41.699
just keeps going down um and then it

0:03:39.480,0:03:43.709
didn’t get recovered until about the mid

0:03:41.699,0:03:45.269
nineteen fifty so then the stock right

0:03:43.709,0:03:48.480
has never came back up to what they were

0:03:45.269,0:03:50.370
for like my gosh yeah like 20 years

0:03:48.480,0:03:55.169
almost 20 years um

0:03:50.370,0:03:59.549
over 20 years yeah over 20 years dude um

0:03:55.169,0:04:01.379
also another another thing I remember

0:03:59.549,0:04:02.370
about the Great Depression is one of the

0:04:01.379,0:04:05.090
American Girl dolls

0:04:02.370,0:04:08.040
kit kit whatever her name is she’s from

0:04:05.090,0:04:11.629
she’s the Great Depression doll really a

0:04:08.040,0:04:14.220
kid I’m gonna like kit was like the most

0:04:11.629,0:04:16.709
privileged it’s just American Girl doll

0:04:14.220,0:04:19.919
know cuz I watched the movie and like

0:04:16.709,0:04:21.269
she heard like dad like lost his job and

0:04:19.919,0:04:23.070
they’re like so poor and she just like

0:04:21.269,0:04:26.010
make money for the family or something I

0:04:23.070,0:04:28.979
had no idea literally okay American Girl

0:04:26.010,0:04:30.449
dolls I remember it like a childhood

0:04:28.979,0:04:32.010
friend through an American Girl doll

0:04:30.449,0:04:34.289
party and she was like the richest one

0:04:32.010,0:04:36.539
out of ice and her doll was kid like

0:04:34.289,0:04:37.380
that was her doll so I just assumed it

0:04:36.539,0:04:39.240
was

0:04:37.380,0:04:43.680
no chi was definitely the most basic

0:04:39.240,0:04:43.889
American Girl doll okay okay serves her

0:04:43.680,0:04:47.580
right

0:04:43.889,0:04:50.280
just kidding okay so we’re yes so like

0:04:47.580,0:04:52.320
my grandpa would you know store money

0:04:50.280,0:04:54.680
and his mattress he didn’t trust the

0:04:52.320,0:04:57.680
banks went through a lot of recessions

0:04:54.680,0:04:57.680
and

0:04:58.220,0:05:02.060
then oh yeah their victory guard Victory

0:05:00.620,0:05:03.110
Gardens I think that might be being

0:05:02.060,0:05:05.690
correct term because I think that’s

0:05:03.110,0:05:09.440
Gardens they started after the war which

0:05:05.690,0:05:11.180
could be it but um for their World War

0:05:09.440,0:05:14.060
one I think they had Victory Gardens but

0:05:11.180,0:05:15.590
my grandpa always grew his own food like

0:05:14.060,0:05:17.480
of course they like would go to stores

0:05:15.590,0:05:19.520
too but they always like gardening was

0:05:17.480,0:05:22.520
big and I still love gardening but that

0:05:19.520,0:05:25.670
was really really big and also to my on

0:05:22.520,0:05:27.440
my grandpa side we were like Midwest

0:05:25.670,0:05:29.390
farmers I think he worked in like the

0:05:27.440,0:05:30.830
industry for a little bit but this is

0:05:29.390,0:05:32.630
getting into like my family history

0:05:30.830,0:05:36.770
lesson it’s a Great Depression but I

0:05:32.630,0:05:39.440
mean it had an impact on people to this

0:05:36.770,0:05:43.490
day and so many of the older generations

0:05:39.440,0:05:45.860
like South I well now that’s like

0:05:43.490,0:05:48.580
starting to happen again like all the

0:05:45.860,0:05:50.480
seeds if you can’t buy seeds anywhere oh

0:05:48.580,0:05:52.820
yeah because they’re snatching them up

0:05:50.480,0:05:56.990
to go hurting me now and then they’re

0:05:52.820,0:06:00.290
also like buying chickens and like oh

0:05:56.990,0:06:03.500
it’s Apes coming first full circle yeah

0:06:00.290,0:06:05.650
I mean yeah I’ve been interesting I

0:06:03.500,0:06:10.550
think we’re in a really interesting

0:06:05.650,0:06:13.130
unprecedented time as they say yeah so I

0:06:10.550,0:06:14.930
just like to go into the Great

0:06:13.130,0:06:16.010
Depression I what would you say would be

0:06:14.930,0:06:18.890
like the start of the Great Depression

0:06:16.010,0:06:22.850
do you have an idea so it’s like after

0:06:18.890,0:06:25.040
the war World War one and like everyone

0:06:22.850,0:06:28.430
comes back in like the whole world is

0:06:25.040,0:06:29.690
like all shook up and like isn’t it like

0:06:28.430,0:06:33.910
the whole world economy it’s like

0:06:29.690,0:06:38.180
plummeting and then right no am I wrong

0:06:33.910,0:06:41.990
um so the thing is ok I’m just gonna get

0:06:38.180,0:06:44.450
right into it so there is a lot of

0:06:41.990,0:06:46.340
debate on from economist and historian

0:06:44.450,0:06:47.720
as to what the actual cause of the Great

0:06:46.340,0:06:49.130
Depression was I don’t think there was

0:06:47.720,0:06:51.530
one single cause there are actually

0:06:49.130,0:06:54.169
multiple things going on so just set the

0:06:51.530,0:06:56.780
stage we finish World War one America is

0:06:54.169,0:06:57.680
on the winning side so all the other

0:06:56.780,0:06:59.680
countries that are on the losing side

0:06:57.680,0:07:02.690
like Germany they’re suffering a lot

0:06:59.680,0:07:03.650
because they lost so now they’re getting

0:07:02.690,0:07:05.670
there I think they have like a lot of

0:07:03.650,0:07:08.700
fines and stuff don’t quote me on that

0:07:05.670,0:07:10.880
they’re getting punished a bit too hard

0:07:08.700,0:07:13.800
which we find out later in World War two

0:07:10.880,0:07:15.750
but since America won we’re doing well

0:07:13.800,0:07:17.000
and so we enter the period of the

0:07:15.750,0:07:22.290
Roaring Twenties

0:07:17.000,0:07:24.000
when Prohibition was going on but also

0:07:22.290,0:07:26.910
there are lots of technological

0:07:24.000,0:07:29.040
innovations during this time and the

0:07:26.910,0:07:30.990
emergence of credit happens so you could

0:07:29.040,0:07:33.240
buy things in installments and credits

0:07:30.990,0:07:39.120
so the concept of borrowing money

0:07:33.240,0:07:40.860
started to exist and with that also more

0:07:39.120,0:07:43.260
people started in getting into stocks

0:07:40.860,0:07:46.080
because you could now borrow this money

0:07:43.260,0:07:48.210
and put that in the stock market because

0:07:46.080,0:07:51.030
it kept going up so there’s no risk that

0:07:48.210,0:07:52.620
you couldn’t pay it off right so during

0:07:51.030,0:07:55.950
this time every like the economy’s

0:07:52.620,0:07:58.530
booming everyone’s like it’s great great

0:07:55.950,0:08:04.280
gatsby having a good time throwing some

0:07:58.530,0:08:04.280
parties so high school exactly yeah and

0:08:04.580,0:08:08.510
yeah meanwhile

0:08:10.090,0:08:14.140
some of the background stuff that was

0:08:12.070,0:08:16.950
happening though was that a lot of

0:08:14.140,0:08:21.190
companies weren’t being honest about

0:08:16.950,0:08:23.320
their like company evaluation right so

0:08:21.190,0:08:24.820
like those the stock prices that you’re

0:08:23.320,0:08:27.430
getting are showing that everything’s

0:08:24.820,0:08:29.050
going up but some companies are being

0:08:27.430,0:08:31.600
dishonest about stock prices too so you

0:08:29.050,0:08:32.710
couldn’t like expect that they were

0:08:31.600,0:08:34.810
gonna crash

0:08:32.710,0:08:39.630
lots of economy and this that I am

0:08:34.810,0:08:39.630
probably not explaining correctly but

0:08:39.690,0:08:43.630
yeah a lot of stuff was happening also

0:08:41.890,0:08:46.030
in addition to technological innovation

0:08:43.630,0:08:48.190
because we have basically two different

0:08:46.030,0:08:49.240
types of suffering everyone suffered but

0:08:48.190,0:08:51.130
there’s two different types of suffering

0:08:49.240,0:08:53.560
during the Great Depression there’s like

0:08:51.130,0:08:57.250
the city folk who experienced it one way

0:08:53.560,0:08:59.140
and then people in the Midwest or the

0:08:57.250,0:09:01.180
Great Plains in the country who also

0:08:59.140,0:09:04.660
experienced it a different way so in the

0:09:01.180,0:09:06.070
city a lot of the suffering was coming

0:09:04.660,0:09:10.560
from the fact that the stock market

0:09:06.070,0:09:10.560
crashed and the bank started to fail and

0:09:11.580,0:09:15.810
yeah there is no food to because you

0:09:13.500,0:09:18.510
can’t grow food in the city so then

0:09:15.810,0:09:20.910
there’s just so much and isn’t that like

0:09:18.510,0:09:23.519
a huge like homeless yeah a lot of

0:09:20.910,0:09:25.800
people because you let me see if I can

0:09:23.519,0:09:29.010
explain this very eloquently but yeah a

0:09:25.800,0:09:31.829
lot of people similar to lik what our

0:09:29.010,0:09:35.790
economy worried about today when the

0:09:31.829,0:09:38.880
banks failed okay so people go to the

0:09:35.790,0:09:41.760
beach and they take out like loans on

0:09:38.880,0:09:44.040
credit to go invest into the stock

0:09:41.760,0:09:47.459
market the stock market kept going up

0:09:44.040,0:09:49.649
and it was over evaluated so once

0:09:47.459,0:09:52.470
eventually it started to slow down and

0:09:49.649,0:09:54.600
then we had the like a crash it’s called

0:09:52.470,0:09:56.310
the black Tuesday crash and that was

0:09:54.600,0:09:59.730
just when it dropped like something like

0:09:56.310,0:10:03.360
23 points don’t call me on that and from

0:09:59.730,0:10:05.790
then the way economies work is like it

0:10:03.360,0:10:09.060
contracts when consumer spending slows

0:10:05.790,0:10:10.980
down so everyone whose money’s were in

0:10:09.060,0:10:12.870
like whose money is in the stock market

0:10:10.980,0:10:16.770
let’s say you bought a stock at like 100

0:10:12.870,0:10:18.810
and once it crashes it goes down to 50

0:10:16.770,0:10:20.550
so now you’re at a loss so then everyone

0:10:18.810,0:10:22.320
starts pulling their money out because

0:10:20.550,0:10:25.709
you took out let’s say you took out like

0:10:22.320,0:10:27.959
$100 on a loan to invest and now it’s

0:10:25.709,0:10:31.680
going down so you don’t even have enough

0:10:27.959,0:10:34.290
money to pay back like the principle of

0:10:31.680,0:10:36.029
what you borrowed is that also the same

0:10:34.290,0:10:39.600
thing that happened in like the 2008

0:10:36.029,0:10:42.540
financial like similarly similar I think

0:10:39.600,0:10:47.250
the 2008 financial crisis was with it

0:10:42.540,0:10:48.660
was like a crappy mortgage yeah they

0:10:47.250,0:10:50.760
were like agreeing to loan out to people

0:10:48.660,0:10:53.010
who weren’t like should not have been

0:10:50.760,0:10:57.510
given those loans that’s for another

0:10:53.010,0:10:58.680
episode but uh yeah so a stock market

0:10:57.510,0:11:00.510
crashes and then people start to panic

0:10:58.680,0:11:02.490
and pull their money out more and then

0:11:00.510,0:11:04.980
the market will crash more and that’s

0:11:02.490,0:11:06.779
what we’re seeing today with the stock

0:11:04.980,0:11:08.930
market continuing to crash on that

0:11:06.779,0:11:11.430
initial first crash because unemployment

0:11:08.930,0:11:11.970
like skyrocketed and businesses are

0:11:11.430,0:11:13.860
shutting down

0:11:11.970,0:11:15.540
people are not spending as much people

0:11:13.860,0:11:17.910
pull their money out of the stock market

0:11:15.540,0:11:20.250
so they can hold on to liquid cash and

0:11:17.910,0:11:22.770
not lose any value in that and then

0:11:20.250,0:11:25.260
because there’s less money in the market

0:11:22.770,0:11:26.850
prices go down even further

0:11:25.260,0:11:31.230
and more people panic and more people

0:11:26.850,0:11:33.540
pull money out so yeah it’s a bad it’s a

0:11:31.230,0:11:34.890
really bad cycle so because of that

0:11:33.540,0:11:37.310
people are losing these monies they

0:11:34.890,0:11:41.040
can’t their money unemployment

0:11:37.310,0:11:43.950
skyrockets because businesses are

0:11:41.040,0:11:45.660
starting to fail two banks start to

0:11:43.950,0:11:48.150
close down because they can’t even

0:11:45.660,0:11:50.730
they’ve loaned out all this money and no

0:11:48.150,0:11:53.360
one has the money like it’s not there

0:11:50.730,0:11:55.200
anymore like right like everyone has I

0:11:53.360,0:11:56.610
don’t even know where went it’s just

0:11:55.200,0:11:59.510
gone like everything got to be valued

0:11:56.610,0:11:59.510
and then

0:11:59.930,0:12:04.310
what else happened oh yeah and then you

0:12:01.940,0:12:06.290
do fall on your mortgage and get

0:12:04.310,0:12:08.210
foreclosed you lose your home so a lot

0:12:06.290,0:12:09.740
of people were straight up homeless

0:12:08.210,0:12:11.960
there’s emergence of things like

0:12:09.740,0:12:14.720
Hoovervilles which was named after

0:12:11.960,0:12:17.240
President Hoover at the time from Annie

0:12:14.720,0:12:18.260
that’s from Annie I saw okay then now

0:12:17.240,0:12:24.170
that definitely wasn’t a Great

0:12:18.260,0:12:28.670
Depression Herbert Hoover I think yeah

0:12:24.170,0:12:31.790
so that was going on and so that’s a

0:12:28.670,0:12:33.620
city situation the farm situation for

0:12:31.790,0:12:37.459
people in rural areas we’re going

0:12:33.620,0:12:39.589
through a kind of an epilogue ecological

0:12:37.459,0:12:42.020
turmoil because there was a drought that

0:12:39.589,0:12:44.120
had already been starting in the 20s the

0:12:42.020,0:12:45.620
during the Roaring Twenties

0:12:44.120,0:12:49.220
just hadn’t rained a lot in the Great

0:12:45.620,0:12:52.279
Plains area also at the end of the civil

0:12:49.220,0:12:54.470
war there was a lot of initiative for

0:12:52.279,0:12:58.070
people to move out west because they

0:12:54.470,0:12:59.930
were promised plots of land which I

0:12:58.070,0:13:01.790
don’t know if you can do that anyways

0:12:59.930,0:13:04.250
but they did it and so people are moving

0:13:01.790,0:13:06.260
West into like this unknown territory

0:13:04.250,0:13:08.839
and they’re trying to farm like regular

0:13:06.260,0:13:10.760
and in they usually didn’t really

0:13:08.839,0:13:12.260
understand the environment of the Great

0:13:10.760,0:13:13.820
Plains when they moved out and they’re

0:13:12.260,0:13:16.459
trying to farm like they would have

0:13:13.820,0:13:20.779
closer to like the East Coast and like

0:13:16.459,0:13:22.220
maybe Ohio Midwest area and with prairie

0:13:20.779,0:13:24.080
grass people don’t realize that like

0:13:22.220,0:13:28.670
prairie grass roots are actually like 5

0:13:24.080,0:13:30.709
to 15 feet long and they hold in yeah so

0:13:28.670,0:13:33.350
all of that soil was actually like the

0:13:30.709,0:13:35.570
topsoil was very like dusty and fine and

0:13:33.350,0:13:39.200
so when you pull out that prairie grass

0:13:35.570,0:13:42.170
all of the topsoil is like softer yeah

0:13:39.200,0:13:43.310
and I they just really didn’t understand

0:13:42.170,0:13:46.430
how to farm with that type of

0:13:43.310,0:13:49.459
environment so because of all of that in

0:13:46.430,0:13:52.430
addition to innovations and technology

0:13:49.459,0:13:55.220
which made farming easier so there was

0:13:52.430,0:13:56.959
an overproduction in crops then the

0:13:55.220,0:13:58.550
price of road is there so much would

0:13:56.959,0:14:01.100
happen the price of produce that are to

0:13:58.550,0:14:02.779
fall so now farmers aren’t able to even

0:14:01.100,0:14:05.990
make a profit because there’s an

0:14:02.779,0:14:10.040
overproduction in agriculture Wow

0:14:05.990,0:14:11.570
so yeah you keep sorry so it’s not like

0:14:10.040,0:14:13.540
a famine like they didn’t run out of

0:14:11.570,0:14:15.310
food so you have too much

0:14:13.540,0:14:17.770
well it gets to that because they had

0:14:15.310,0:14:20.860
too much food stock prices or not stock

0:14:17.770,0:14:23.140
prices agriculture prices fall down like

0:14:20.860,0:14:26.770
for your produce and then because of

0:14:23.140,0:14:29.470
that lack of income from like a surplus

0:14:26.770,0:14:31.690
they try to plant more and they dig up

0:14:29.470,0:14:34.210
more of the topsoil and then they

0:14:31.690,0:14:35.710
basically destroy this like farming

0:14:34.210,0:14:39.700
ground I don’t think they knew what crop

0:14:35.710,0:14:42.370
rotation was and that’s how you get all

0:14:39.700,0:14:44.980
of this like loose dirt and eventually

0:14:42.370,0:14:46.780
there was what they call the Dust Bowl

0:14:44.980,0:14:48.730
which is just like really really big

0:14:46.780,0:14:50.730
winds that picked up all this dirt

0:14:48.730,0:14:52.990
there’s something like 10,000 feet high

0:14:50.730,0:14:54.520
like you couldn’t see in front of your

0:14:52.990,0:14:57.040
face just because the dust was so thick

0:14:54.520,0:14:59.710
people had to wear ropes to like walk

0:14:57.040,0:15:03.520
outside could look and see they would

0:14:59.710,0:15:07.240
get lost oh my god what are you like

0:15:03.520,0:15:12.580
what if you have to like farm also like

0:15:07.240,0:15:14.410
I can’t exactly right right and for the

0:15:12.580,0:15:16.870
apocalypse up and then also the economy

0:15:14.410,0:15:18.580
is catching like I would literally think

0:15:16.870,0:15:20.850
the world was coming to an end yeah

0:15:18.580,0:15:22.900
basically people are getting hit

0:15:20.850,0:15:26.430
differently in different parts of the

0:15:22.900,0:15:30.010
area and you’re right that the New Deal

0:15:26.430,0:15:31.150
was a part of the solution but something

0:15:30.010,0:15:33.940
that people also don’t realize is like

0:15:31.150,0:15:37.200
the world war two actually is what a lot

0:15:33.940,0:15:40.060
of economists agree is the proper end to

0:15:37.200,0:15:42.400
the Great Depression which is kind of

0:15:40.060,0:15:44.230
unfortunate that like this we needed

0:15:42.400,0:15:46.300
another war to kind of pull us out of

0:15:44.230,0:15:50.380
that but World War two actually provided

0:15:46.300,0:15:52.150
a lot of jobs for unemployed men and

0:15:50.380,0:15:53.860
that helped stimulate our economy but

0:15:52.150,0:15:59.560
the New Deal did do a lot of good stuff

0:15:53.860,0:16:00.850
as well yeah so what do you do like what

0:15:59.560,0:16:01.660
do you think was the best thing to come

0:16:00.850,0:16:06.300
out of the New Deal

0:16:01.660,0:16:09.310
do you remember wasn’t it like all these

0:16:06.300,0:16:11.540
infrastructure projects like across the

0:16:09.310,0:16:13.699
u.s.

0:16:11.540,0:16:15.560
and then because like all these new

0:16:13.699,0:16:16.850
projects were being started basically

0:16:15.560,0:16:19.040
like there are all these jobs that were

0:16:16.850,0:16:22.759
being created it was all just about like

0:16:19.040,0:16:24.769
trying to create jobs right yeah yeah

0:16:22.759,0:16:27.589
yeah well they had like a lot more

0:16:24.769,0:16:30.230
protections that came up I think I’m not

0:16:27.589,0:16:34.339
a huge fan of Franklin Delano but I do

0:16:30.230,0:16:41.449
think that yeah Japanese exclusion act

0:16:34.339,0:16:43.370
doesn’t sit well with me yeah but he did

0:16:41.449,0:16:46.430
do a really really good job and also too

0:16:43.370,0:16:49.339
I want to look into who like his

0:16:46.430,0:16:54.620
economic team was because these a lot of

0:16:49.339,0:16:56.209
the new changes in the laws that help

0:16:54.620,0:16:59.000
stimulate the economy are really

0:16:56.209,0:17:00.500
brilliant and I am intrigued as to why

0:16:59.000,0:17:01.810
they didn’t think about like

0:17:00.500,0:17:07.669
implementing things like this before

0:17:01.810,0:17:09.110
yeah but on the bright side a lot of

0:17:07.669,0:17:10.850
really good things that we have today

0:17:09.110,0:17:12.679
came out of the Great Depression so even

0:17:10.850,0:17:17.419
though the Great Depression was like

0:17:12.679,0:17:19.130
hell on earth I think that good things

0:17:17.419,0:17:20.900
come out of it and I hope that with our

0:17:19.130,0:17:23.449
current situation good things also

0:17:20.900,0:17:25.130
continue to come out of this such as

0:17:23.449,0:17:28.760
maybe like health care reform and all

0:17:25.130,0:17:30.400
the problems that were uncovering but to

0:17:28.760,0:17:35.840
go into a little more detail about

0:17:30.400,0:17:38.120
Franklin dough knows like new deals he

0:17:35.840,0:17:39.650
had two new deals so the first one it’s

0:17:38.120,0:17:44.000
called like his hundred days

0:17:39.650,0:17:45.290
yeah the first hundred days yeah yeah so

0:17:44.000,0:17:48.020
that’s when that was like the premise of

0:17:45.290,0:17:50.570
how he got elected and when which was in

0:17:48.020,0:17:54.169
1933 he beat Herbert Hoover whom

0:17:50.570,0:17:56.419
everyone hated and then yeah so when

0:17:54.169,0:17:57.830
Franklin Delano came and Franklin

0:17:56.419,0:18:03.200
Roosevelt I’m gonna walk home Franklin

0:17:57.830,0:18:05.450
Delano yeah FDR that’s a better one okay

0:18:03.200,0:18:07.820
so F here comes in and within those

0:18:05.450,0:18:09.860
first hundred days he basically passes

0:18:07.820,0:18:13.179
all these executive orders and gets

0:18:09.860,0:18:16.100
these laws passed to Congress to

0:18:13.179,0:18:18.350
stimulate the economy really quickly one

0:18:16.100,0:18:20.150
of which was the emergency Banking Act

0:18:18.350,0:18:24.110
which was really important as a banking

0:18:20.150,0:18:25.040
reform so when they reopen they have to

0:18:24.110,0:18:30.020
be monitored

0:18:25.040,0:18:32.210
I the federal Treasury which is a it’s

0:18:30.020,0:18:35.930
really good because I don’t know how

0:18:32.210,0:18:37.160
these banks were not getting monitored

0:18:35.930,0:18:40.310
by that because that was a problem they

0:18:37.160,0:18:44.260
were loaning out to people money that

0:18:40.310,0:18:46.490
like over loaning yeah and that’s why

0:18:44.260,0:18:49.310
that was kind of like over stimulation

0:18:46.490,0:18:51.260
of the economy so before the New Deal

0:18:49.310,0:18:55.010
there was like virtually like no

0:18:51.260,0:18:57.320
restrictions on banks or like it was

0:18:55.010,0:18:59.780
just maybe not I think very little

0:18:57.320,0:19:01.400
restrictions on banks and how they were

0:18:59.780,0:19:03.800
loaning out and they weren’t being

0:19:01.400,0:19:05.600
monitored so the way I’m understanding

0:19:03.800,0:19:08.630
it is that banks for being our

0:19:05.600,0:19:10.430
businesses but now they’re monitored by

0:19:08.630,0:19:15.110
governments as well because it’s like

0:19:10.430,0:19:16.490
wealth management but yeah thanks I

0:19:15.110,0:19:17.900
guess we’re kinda just like run by their

0:19:16.490,0:19:20.750
own rules there’s very little laws

0:19:17.900,0:19:24.980
winning what they couldn’t could not do

0:19:20.750,0:19:28.010
and then the next thing was the

0:19:24.980,0:19:31.040
Securities Act of 1933 which he passed

0:19:28.010,0:19:33.230
and so it was in order to help the

0:19:31.040,0:19:35.510
prevent the stock market like another

0:19:33.230,0:19:38.540
stock market crash so like I said

0:19:35.510,0:19:40.520
earlier um everyone thought that the

0:19:38.540,0:19:43.040
stocks were just gonna keep going up up

0:19:40.520,0:19:44.360
and up when really companies who were

0:19:43.040,0:19:47.720
being publicly traded weren’t being

0:19:44.360,0:19:50.510
honest with their like the figures and

0:19:47.720,0:19:53.660
so it was more of an illusion that

0:19:50.510,0:19:57.980
everything was doing really well so the

0:19:53.660,0:19:59.780
Securities Act of 1933 like required

0:19:57.980,0:20:02.840
that publicly traded companies had to

0:19:59.780,0:20:04.520
provide accurate information so this is

0:20:02.840,0:20:09.860
an example of how the government started

0:20:04.520,0:20:11.300
to get more involved in businesses which

0:20:09.860,0:20:13.700
I’m someone I know that way people have

0:20:11.300,0:20:15.140
like even today right like you have

0:20:13.700,0:20:17.030
these big corporations like Amazon

0:20:15.140,0:20:22.190
Google and a lot of them are against

0:20:17.030,0:20:23.990
government involvement for reasons of I

0:20:22.190,0:20:27.560
don’t know if it’s like Red Scare like

0:20:23.990,0:20:29.390
communist scares or whatever but you do

0:20:27.560,0:20:31.100
I think that you do need some government

0:20:29.390,0:20:32.750
involvement and that’s how we see like

0:20:31.100,0:20:34.430
the biggest churn of the Great

0:20:32.750,0:20:36.500
Depression of my eyes was that the

0:20:34.430,0:20:38.740
government got more involved with

0:20:36.500,0:20:41.559
protecting the people

0:20:38.740,0:20:45.720
and yeah and monitoring businesses like

0:20:41.559,0:20:48.970
that so and then you were right about

0:20:45.720,0:20:50.200
the Public Works Administration the

0:20:48.970,0:20:51.640
civil Conservation Corps it’s

0:20:50.200,0:20:55.150
agriculture just in administrations

0:20:51.640,0:20:59.920
these are all initiatives that FDR

0:20:55.150,0:21:03.400
passed to help stimulate jobs for people

0:20:59.920,0:21:05.470
and so with that like the civil Civilian

0:21:03.400,0:21:07.030
Conservation Corp did a lot of good work

0:21:05.470,0:21:09.070
with like planting trees and

0:21:07.030,0:21:12.340
environmental conservation which helped

0:21:09.070,0:21:15.100
with the Dust Bowl so that was an

0:21:12.340,0:21:17.980
increase in like our care for the

0:21:15.100,0:21:20.620
environment and just like developing

0:21:17.980,0:21:22.390
rural parts of America they’re all these

0:21:20.620,0:21:25.000
jobs to build roads and bridges and

0:21:22.390,0:21:28.120
schools and hospitals so and even dams

0:21:25.000,0:21:33.460
which helped with like small generations

0:21:28.120,0:21:35.170
of energy for places like Tennessee and

0:21:33.460,0:21:36.280
then this one because you know I’m in

0:21:35.170,0:21:39.220
the middle of like shopping for houses

0:21:36.280,0:21:41.170
there’s a administration it’s called the

0:21:39.220,0:21:43.330
Federal Housing Administration and the

0:21:41.170,0:21:45.160
homeowners Loan Corporation so that

0:21:43.330,0:21:47.800
helps people refinance their mortgages

0:21:45.160,0:21:50.470
and keep their homes and today the FHA

0:21:47.800,0:21:52.690
still exists for low-income people we

0:21:50.470,0:21:55.170
want to take out loans so they offer you

0:21:52.690,0:21:57.940
like lower down payments on houses and

0:21:55.170,0:22:00.720
it like gives more people an opportunity

0:21:57.940,0:22:03.190
to actually like have a mortgage

0:22:00.720,0:22:06.090
yeah and that’s still exists today so

0:22:03.190,0:22:06.090
that came out of the Great Depression

0:22:06.210,0:22:10.990
mm-hmm and also to like Federal

0:22:08.980,0:22:13.090
Emergency Relief Administration came out

0:22:10.990,0:22:15.100
of it and that would just provide help

0:22:13.090,0:22:17.650
for like the unemployed and education on

0:22:15.100,0:22:21.040
how to get jobs soup kitchens came out

0:22:17.650,0:22:24.850
to that like blankets for donation all

0:22:21.040,0:22:27.460
these things like more social policies

0:22:24.850,0:22:28.929
of like helping the poor came out of the

0:22:27.460,0:22:31.690
Great Depression because people are

0:22:28.929,0:22:32.980
suffering so badly oh yeah yeah yeah

0:22:31.690,0:22:35.640
like we’re there I don’t know if you

0:22:32.980,0:22:38.320
know like like what am I like a

0:22:35.640,0:22:39.429
Salvation Army like all these like

0:22:38.320,0:22:41.140
charities although I don’t know if

0:22:39.429,0:22:43.960
though it’s like necessarily originated

0:22:41.140,0:22:48.990
in the US but yeah I don’t know I don’t

0:22:43.960,0:22:51.879
know if they let’s check it out but yeah

0:22:48.990,0:22:53.589
yeah I feel like like in my head like

0:22:51.879,0:22:55.179
like my impression is that like kinda

0:22:53.589,0:22:56.709
before this like everyone is kind of

0:22:55.179,0:22:58.419
like every man for themselves and then

0:22:56.709,0:22:59.709
like after the Great Depression or like

0:22:58.419,0:23:01.179
during the Great Depression and it was

0:22:59.709,0:23:04.329
kind of like oh we need to like help our

0:23:01.179,0:23:09.999
fellow Americans and like focus more on

0:23:04.329,0:23:12.129
that agreed yeah I think that it

0:23:09.999,0:23:14.529
definitely which like not to get into

0:23:12.129,0:23:17.319
like capitalism versus communism but I

0:23:14.529,0:23:19.179
do think that the Great Depression when

0:23:17.319,0:23:23.379
like the country is suffering you have

0:23:19.179,0:23:25.359
to change the way that government is

0:23:23.379,0:23:28.259
involved and you have to take care of

0:23:25.359,0:23:32.109
the people because everyone’s suffering

0:23:28.259,0:23:33.809
when you let like the majority of people

0:23:32.109,0:23:41.229
stay unemployed you know what I mean

0:23:33.809,0:23:45.159
yeah so yeah lots of good things came

0:23:41.229,0:23:49.649
out yeah hopefully good things will come

0:23:45.159,0:23:49.649
out of what’s going on right now and

0:23:50.009,0:23:54.639
yeah oh and then it’s part of the second

0:23:52.899,0:23:56.229
new deal so he had to we had like

0:23:54.639,0:23:57.639
one-year deal in the second new deal

0:23:56.229,0:23:59.859
the first new deal and the second new

0:23:57.639,0:24:01.929
deal and the first new deal actually

0:23:59.859,0:24:04.509
it’s kind of unfortunate but his new

0:24:01.929,0:24:06.699
deals didn’t really do a lot to help

0:24:04.509,0:24:08.619
would be kind like I obviously in

0:24:06.699,0:24:10.719
hindsight they did a lot with moving us

0:24:08.619,0:24:12.999
forward as a developed nation but as far

0:24:10.719,0:24:16.029
as getting people out of poverty not a

0:24:12.999,0:24:18.369
lot happy with that which is why he had

0:24:16.029,0:24:21.039
to pass a second new deal and that was

0:24:18.369,0:24:23.440
where we had social security and that

0:24:21.039,0:24:26.609
would help like assist the elderly and

0:24:23.440,0:24:26.609
like orphans

0:24:28.469,0:24:34.599
Wow so social security wasn’t

0:24:31.869,0:24:36.069
established until the New Deal I didn’t

0:24:34.599,0:24:38.169
realize that yeah the second year deal

0:24:36.069,0:24:41.679
not even the first new deal what looks

0:24:38.169,0:24:44.109
like the time period in between so the

0:24:41.679,0:24:47.339
first New Deal was launched in 1933 and

0:24:44.109,0:24:50.020
then the second New Deal was launched in

0:24:47.339,0:24:51.910
1935

0:24:50.020,0:24:55.030
and then a lot of the second New Deal

0:24:51.910,0:25:01.090
handled more with like the fair labor

0:24:55.030,0:25:02.620
acts FDIC like Federal Deposit I say

0:25:01.090,0:25:04.270
there’s a lot of terms in here and I

0:25:02.620,0:25:06.880
wish I could explain it why I feel like

0:25:04.270,0:25:08.980
Great Depression is such a big topic no

0:25:06.880,0:25:12.580
it’s a pretty complex subject also like

0:25:08.980,0:25:15.880
at this time is there so is there any

0:25:12.580,0:25:17.470
laws in place for like child labor or

0:25:15.880,0:25:18.280
like insuring like safety in the

0:25:17.470,0:25:20.550
workplace

0:25:18.280,0:25:24.010
anything on the sort I don’t know yeah

0:25:20.550,0:25:26.470
well so I mean like in this time like

0:25:24.010,0:25:30.160
today of course there’s a child labor

0:25:26.470,0:25:33.100
lies well yeah yeah but they did start

0:25:30.160,0:25:35.770
like in 1938 so that was the Fair Labor

0:25:33.100,0:25:37.720
Standards Act and then that limited

0:25:35.770,0:25:39.850
workers to like a maximum workweek

0:25:37.720,0:25:41.840
created a minimum wage and hour law

0:25:39.850,0:25:44.779
child labor

0:25:41.840,0:25:47.270
Wow oh and then even you know not a

0:25:44.779,0:25:49.970
United States Housing Authority in 1937

0:25:47.270,0:25:52.070
tore down slums built new better housing

0:25:49.970,0:25:56.799
for the homeless a lot of socialists I

0:25:52.070,0:25:58.970
think FDR was a socialist with me let me

0:25:56.799,0:26:01.909
policies feel like it but a lot of

0:25:58.970,0:26:05.659
socialists like reform kind of came out

0:26:01.909,0:26:10.840
of this I feel like me oh yeah what

0:26:05.659,0:26:13.669
after you maybe yeah they it says I

0:26:10.840,0:26:15.080
think it’s debated I don’t think he like

0:26:13.669,0:26:16.730
claimed him I don’t think it was a

0:26:15.080,0:26:18.590
self-proclaimed socialist but I think

0:26:16.730,0:26:22.370
they’re saying that a lot of his

0:26:18.590,0:26:28.520
policies were like more progressive and

0:26:22.370,0:26:33.770
yeah interesting but yeah that’s kind of

0:26:28.520,0:26:36.740
like overarching what good came out of

0:26:33.770,0:26:39.110
it yeah that’s like yes I think it’s

0:26:36.740,0:26:40.940
good to learn about the good stuff that

0:26:39.110,0:26:42.679
comes out about it cuz whenever I think

0:26:40.940,0:26:44.720
about the Great Depression like whenever

0:26:42.679,0:26:46.159
we learned about it in class I feel like

0:26:44.720,0:26:48.320
we just watch documentaries about like

0:26:46.159,0:26:49.429
all the suffering and and then it’s like

0:26:48.320,0:26:51.200
they’re they’re like all here’s a new

0:26:49.429,0:26:53.270
deal but like I feel like I didn’t

0:26:51.200,0:26:56.659
really look into the specific policies

0:26:53.270,0:26:59.090
and I don’t know it’s I think it’s

0:26:56.659,0:27:00.799
encouraging to see like how much we

0:26:59.090,0:27:03.770
learn from our mistakes and how we were

0:27:00.799,0:27:06.260
able to like quickly implement like all

0:27:03.770,0:27:08.779
these new laws and regulations to help

0:27:06.260,0:27:11.480
prevent something like this from

0:27:08.779,0:27:13.279
happening again so you know even though

0:27:11.480,0:27:17.390
right now we’re entering a recession

0:27:13.279,0:27:19.250
like I don’t know hopefully we’ll be

0:27:17.390,0:27:20.779
able to implement like change quickly

0:27:19.250,0:27:22.309
and likely at least like it’s

0:27:20.779,0:27:26.690
encouraging to see like how we learn

0:27:22.309,0:27:29.240
from our mistakes before I agree and

0:27:26.690,0:27:33.409
it’s like unfortunate but really hard

0:27:29.240,0:27:34.820
times do promote change faster right

0:27:33.409,0:27:37.130
like we’ve been having issues with the

0:27:34.820,0:27:38.990
environment for a while we’ve been

0:27:37.130,0:27:43.399
having issues with like our health care

0:27:38.990,0:27:45.140
system for lord knows how long yeah yeah

0:27:43.399,0:27:48.169
now it’s like forcing it forces everyone

0:27:45.140,0:27:50.419
to like face the realities and like sit

0:27:48.169,0:27:53.450
down and all have a discussion and yeah

0:27:50.419,0:27:55.740
definitely and then there’s one more

0:27:53.450,0:27:57.690
thing Oh universal basic income

0:27:55.740,0:28:02.730
that’s been like a debated topic have

0:27:57.690,0:28:03.510
you heard of that um not really okay

0:28:02.730,0:28:07.159
yeah that’s fine

0:28:03.510,0:28:09.840
so Andrew yang who was one of the

0:28:07.159,0:28:12.539
candidates for the Democratic nomination

0:28:09.840,0:28:16.140
was that was like his whole premise was

0:28:12.539,0:28:17.580
a universal basic income so basically

0:28:16.140,0:28:20.789
it’s just that the government will

0:28:17.580,0:28:23.190
provide and like X amount of money to

0:28:20.789,0:28:26.610
every single person within the country

0:28:23.190,0:28:28.409
and so the theory of that and like Mark

0:28:26.610,0:28:29.940
Zuckerberg supports this as well the

0:28:28.409,0:28:32.880
theory of that is that it will allow

0:28:29.940,0:28:35.010
people to be more creative and take on

0:28:32.880,0:28:37.710
different pursuits because they have

0:28:35.010,0:28:39.840
their basic needs met with basic

0:28:37.710,0:28:43.080
Universal income and so with the

0:28:39.840,0:28:44.669
stimulus check that got passed and

0:28:43.080,0:28:47.700
everyone’s getting like their $1200

0:28:44.669,0:28:49.200
checks that’s supposed to be like it’s

0:28:47.700,0:28:50.610
like it’s kind of like a test of like a

0:28:49.200,0:28:53.669
universal basic income it’s like the

0:28:50.610,0:28:55.860
government providing us with our basic

0:28:53.669,0:28:58.049
needs and when those are met then you

0:28:55.860,0:28:59.730
allow people to be more creative and

0:28:58.049,0:29:01.950
innovative and possibly start more

0:28:59.730,0:29:03.390
entrepreneurial things which opens up

0:29:01.950,0:29:06.179
the doors for more jobs and innovation

0:29:03.390,0:29:10.380
for the country so that’s like the

0:29:06.179,0:29:10.950
theory behind it Wow yeah it’s really

0:29:10.380,0:29:13.289
interesting

0:29:10.950,0:29:17.460
yeah and that could be how things change

0:29:13.289,0:29:19.529
too with this situation also health

0:29:17.460,0:29:21.510
standard I think New York finally shut

0:29:19.529,0:29:25.169
down to like clean their subways

0:29:21.510,0:29:27.029
overnight yeah well now did that take so

0:29:25.169,0:29:30.059
long like the health standards are so

0:29:27.029,0:29:31.529
low that’s okay that’s like one of the

0:29:30.059,0:29:35.309
things I’ve been learning about like

0:29:31.529,0:29:37.140
even like washing my hands like I I was

0:29:35.309,0:29:39.000
like wow I I mean I wash my hands

0:29:37.140,0:29:41.010
frequently before this but now I’m like

0:29:39.000,0:29:43.230
I wasn’t seeing you like happy birthday

0:29:41.010,0:29:46.919
like every washing my hands and then

0:29:43.230,0:29:49.679
yeah you think about like bleh I guess

0:29:46.919,0:29:52.110
like restaurants and like oh like food

0:29:49.679,0:29:53.940
services and yeah public transportation

0:29:52.110,0:29:55.970
and now I’m just like anytime I step

0:29:53.940,0:29:58.350
outside I’m just like hyper aware of how

0:29:55.970,0:30:00.450
Jeremy everything is and so it’s like

0:29:58.350,0:30:04.049
maybe you reflect and be like how how

0:30:00.450,0:30:06.179
did we service like before yeah no I

0:30:04.049,0:30:08.429
agree I feel like I wasn’t watching my

0:30:06.179,0:30:09.510
hands properly like I didn’t know how to

0:30:08.429,0:30:12.570
wash my hands

0:30:09.510,0:30:14.340
something I’d like yeah one like all

0:30:12.570,0:30:15.690
these videos like surface but like how

0:30:14.340,0:30:17.040
to properly wash your hands I’m like oh

0:30:15.690,0:30:18.240
my gosh how do people not know how to

0:30:17.040,0:30:21.330
wash your hands and then you’re like oh

0:30:18.240,0:30:23.730
I definitely like I’m not I was not

0:30:21.330,0:30:26.580
watching you for as long as I am now all

0:30:23.730,0:30:29.910
right I’ll just like weird like basic

0:30:26.580,0:30:32.010
hygiene and my hygiene will increase and

0:30:29.910,0:30:35.340
like also just like the way we work to

0:30:32.010,0:30:37.260
like work from home yeah there’s so many

0:30:35.340,0:30:39.420
jobs that you can do from home and real

0:30:37.260,0:30:39.930
estate is so expensive that’s right

0:30:39.420,0:30:42.480
everyone

0:30:39.930,0:30:43.710
yeah I’ve been talking to a lot of

0:30:42.480,0:30:47.430
people about that too about just how

0:30:43.710,0:30:49.170
like the whole office situation will

0:30:47.430,0:30:51.570
like change in the whole workplace will

0:30:49.170,0:30:53.130
change because like you don’t like there

0:30:51.570,0:30:55.650
are so many jobs or you don’t need to be

0:30:53.130,0:30:57.090
in a physical office and like you could

0:30:55.650,0:30:59.820
be working from home and then yet you’re

0:30:57.090,0:31:02.750
saving so much I’m real estate and yeah

0:30:59.820,0:31:05.820
yeah lowers commuting costs as well

0:31:02.750,0:31:09.720
we’re entering a new era know it’ll be

0:31:05.820,0:31:11.430
really interesting to see and optimistic

0:31:09.720,0:31:14.780
felt like a lot of good things will come

0:31:11.430,0:31:14.780
out of it yeah

President McKinley Was Assassinated?

Nat covers the assassination of President William McKinley.

Show Notes

Nat covers the assassination of President William McKinley.

Sources:

https://www.history.com/news/the-assassination-of-president-william-mckinley

https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/presidents/william-mckinley

https://www.history.com/news/mckinley-assassination-created-the-secret-service

https://www.history.com/news/how-presidential-assassinations-changed-u-s-politics

Transcript

0:00:00.030,0:00:05.910
hello everyone and welcome to the how

0:00:02.879,0:00:09.170
did we not know that podcast I’m one of

0:00:05.910,0:00:14.580
your hosts my name is Jac I’m NAT and

0:00:09.170,0:00:19.170
this is gonna be our first episode we’re

0:00:14.580,0:00:21.029
super excited to start ok ok not take it

0:00:19.170,0:00:24.930
away tell us what you’re talking about

0:00:21.029,0:00:26.599
today right so today’s episode I’m going

0:00:24.930,0:00:30.359
to be covering the McKinley

0:00:26.599,0:00:32.969
assassination president William McKinley

0:00:30.359,0:00:36.899
alright ok I should not look in your

0:00:32.969,0:00:40.399
notes because then I never I was like

0:00:36.899,0:00:44.670
yeah ok I can see he’s the Tony further

0:00:40.399,0:00:47.309
go ahead tell me about him so before we

0:00:44.670,0:00:49.350
get into the whole assassination I gotta

0:00:47.309,0:00:56.520
talk about how wait wait wait he was

0:00:49.350,0:00:58.530
killer spoiler um unfortunately

0:00:56.520,0:01:00.270
President McKinley dies at the end

0:00:58.530,0:01:02.550
yeah if for those of you who didn’t know

0:01:00.270,0:01:03.600
uh President William McKinley was

0:01:02.550,0:01:07.170
assassinated

0:01:03.600,0:01:11.369
so McKinley it was our 25th president he

0:01:07.170,0:01:14.220
assumed office in 1897 and so at the

0:01:11.369,0:01:15.960
time of his assassination he was in his

0:01:14.220,0:01:18.119
second term of office and he was pretty

0:01:15.960,0:01:20.880
well liked by the public he was a member

0:01:18.119,0:01:22.770
of the Republican Party and so he had

0:01:20.880,0:01:26.159
like raised protective tariffs to

0:01:22.770,0:01:28.140
promote American industry he like was he

0:01:26.159,0:01:30.720
was a president who led us into the

0:01:28.140,0:01:32.850
spanish-american war and he was actually

0:01:30.720,0:01:35.520
one of like the most popular chief

0:01:32.850,0:01:37.290
executives like at the time and then

0:01:35.520,0:01:38.880
additionally like he really liked

0:01:37.290,0:01:41.509
meeting with the American people like he

0:01:38.880,0:01:45.450
took every opportunity he could to meet

0:01:41.509,0:01:46.860
American citizens and yeah so Q overall

0:01:45.450,0:01:52.409
he was a pretty good dude like he had a

0:01:46.860,0:01:53.729
good rip so we’re gonna flash pass

0:01:52.409,0:01:56.399
forward yeah

0:01:53.729,0:01:59.460
all right to the pan-american exposition

0:01:56.399,0:02:02.460
so there we a question on the

0:01:59.460,0:02:05.579
spanish-american war yeah I also like

0:02:02.460,0:02:11.160
know ya know what that was about how did

0:02:05.579,0:02:12.629
we not notice Oh topic because yeah I

0:02:11.160,0:02:14.160
was thinking about that I was like okay

0:02:12.629,0:02:18.640
I feel like

0:02:14.160,0:02:21.880
yeah or spoiler alert for that we also

0:02:18.640,0:02:23.590
win the spanish-american war I assumed I

0:02:21.880,0:02:31.900
assume because that’s why we haven’t

0:02:23.590,0:02:34.600
heard about it but yeah so so yeah we

0:02:31.900,0:02:36.490
have this Pan American Expo it was like

0:02:34.600,0:02:38.830
a seventh month long World’s Fair and it

0:02:36.490,0:02:41.950
was called in Buffalo New York in 1901

0:02:38.830,0:02:43.810
and yeah so it’s like a seventh month

0:02:41.950,0:02:47.140
falling thing which I thought it was

0:02:43.810,0:02:48.580
like really crazy for like one event to

0:02:47.140,0:02:50.980
be held seven months long but like if

0:02:48.580,0:02:53.950
they had like at these world Fair’s I

0:02:50.980,0:02:56.680
had like zoos and like whole like

0:02:53.950,0:02:59.860
feeders and like grounds being built for

0:02:56.680,0:03:03.400
it so it’s like a huge deal um I also

0:02:59.860,0:03:05.170
like actually no that’s a lie I like so

0:03:03.400,0:03:07.120
I’m from Chicago and we always learn

0:03:05.170,0:03:08.830
about like the Chicago World’s Fair and

0:03:07.120,0:03:10.540
like it’s always like a big deal but I

0:03:08.830,0:03:12.370
thought there’s only one World Fair but

0:03:10.540,0:03:15.640
apparently there’s like a bunch of them

0:03:12.370,0:03:19.330
anyway McKinley attends its World Fair

0:03:15.640,0:03:21.970
Expo for two days in September so he

0:03:19.330,0:03:26.290
gets out on September 5th and like he

0:03:21.970,0:03:28.630
gives a speech to this crowd of 116,000

0:03:26.290,0:03:30.430
people is huge and then later that night

0:03:28.630,0:03:35.200
like there’s a huge fireworks displays

0:03:30.430,0:03:37.000
for him and it features I quote a burst

0:03:35.200,0:03:39.580
of pyrotechnics that spelled out the

0:03:37.000,0:03:41.830
words welcome President McKinley chief

0:03:39.580,0:03:44.740
of our nation and our Empire

0:03:41.830,0:03:47.800
uncle Apple I that’s so much in like

0:03:44.740,0:03:49.180
1900 I feel like I was expensive I was

0:03:47.800,0:03:50.590
thinking too and I was like how did they

0:03:49.180,0:03:52.300
like I don’t know much about like

0:03:50.590,0:03:54.310
fireworks and pyrotechnics but like that

0:03:52.300,0:03:57.370
must have been like a huge or you yeah I

0:03:54.310,0:03:59.800
don’t think I ever see words out of

0:03:57.370,0:04:04.060
fireworks yeah yeah I don’t know the

0:03:59.800,0:04:05.170
specifics of it I gotta like looking but

0:04:04.060,0:04:06.970
anyway like you could tell that people

0:04:05.170,0:04:09.239
are so stoked for him to be there and

0:04:06.970,0:04:11.500
then so September 6 so the next day I

0:04:09.239,0:04:12.850
McKinley President McKinley he’s having

0:04:11.500,0:04:15.370
this basically like a meet and greet

0:04:12.850,0:04:18.130
reception at the tempo Music Theatre um

0:04:15.370,0:04:20.650
and so like all these people can come

0:04:18.130,0:04:23.110
and like literally shake hands with the

0:04:20.650,0:04:25.450
president so because of this like it

0:04:23.110,0:04:26.949
does not sound very safe and so actually

0:04:25.450,0:04:29.320
like before this event

0:04:26.949,0:04:31.870
McKinley staff members really super

0:04:29.320,0:04:33.970
worried about his safety because just

0:04:31.870,0:04:35.770
like there are so many people coming in

0:04:33.970,0:04:37.270
like they don’t I don’t think I really

0:04:35.770,0:04:38.530
had like a screening process for the

0:04:37.270,0:04:40.389
people like obviously you don’t have

0:04:38.530,0:04:42.280
like metal detectors or anything so

0:04:40.389,0:04:42.789
they’re just coming up and like shaking

0:04:42.280,0:04:45.250
his hand

0:04:42.789,0:04:47.139
so McKinley’s personal secretary had

0:04:45.250,0:04:49.840
actually tried to cancel this

0:04:47.139,0:04:51.910
meet-and-greet twice but President

0:04:49.840,0:04:53.770
McKinley insisted that he attended it

0:04:51.910,0:04:55.539
because like he just loved meeting the

0:04:53.770,0:04:59.289
American people face to face and like

0:04:55.539,0:05:01.960
shaking hands with everyone um but this

0:04:59.289,0:05:04.840
staff had also added extra police and

0:05:01.960,0:05:08.590
soldiers on top of his normal like

0:05:04.840,0:05:14.830
Secret Service detail so to set the

0:05:08.590,0:05:16.930
scene it’s a hot late summer heat day in

0:05:14.830,0:05:19.030
Buffalo New York there’s a huge line of

0:05:16.930,0:05:21.460
people waiting for this reception

0:05:19.030,0:05:24.220
standing outside the temple music

0:05:21.460,0:05:28.210
theater and at the front of the sign is

0:05:24.220,0:05:30.190
a man named Leon Chou gosh which I hope

0:05:28.210,0:05:33.159
I’m pronouncing it right I like licked

0:05:30.190,0:05:35.380
it up yeah I like car interior orden is

0:05:33.159,0:05:39.099
that yeah so he’s actually a Polish

0:05:35.380,0:05:40.690
immigrant um so yeah I believe it’s

0:05:39.099,0:05:48.130
France ciao gosh we’re gonna call him

0:05:40.690,0:05:52.900
Leon from now on okay guys um me sad is

0:05:48.130,0:05:56.320
this a guy who kills him is this sounds

0:05:52.900,0:05:58.690
like a murderer yeah yeah Leon’s not

0:05:56.320,0:06:00.370
he’s not a good guy so let me tell you a

0:05:58.690,0:06:02.770
little bit more about Leon so he’s 28

0:06:00.370,0:06:05.860
years old he’s really young he’s also a

0:06:02.770,0:06:09.490
self-proclaimed anarchist he’s described

0:06:05.860,0:06:12.220
by others as shy and brooding I’m not

0:06:09.490,0:06:14.530
sure who said that but yeah and so he’s

0:06:12.220,0:06:17.770
a Polish immigrant and he was a former

0:06:14.530,0:06:20.110
former steel worker later hit though he

0:06:17.770,0:06:23.139
was unemployed so that kind that kind of

0:06:20.110,0:06:25.270
caused him like grievances um about the

0:06:23.139,0:06:27.699
whole government and so Leon had

0:06:25.270,0:06:30.610
actually arrived in Buffalo a few days

0:06:27.699,0:06:34.330
prior to the September 6 meet-and-greet

0:06:30.610,0:06:36.610
and there he bought a 32 caliber Iver

0:06:34.330,0:06:39.760
Johnson revolver and he was actually

0:06:36.610,0:06:40.540
stalking President McKinley for like a

0:06:39.760,0:06:43.210
few days

0:06:40.540,0:06:45.430
so actually he had tried to shoot

0:06:43.210,0:06:47.920
President McKinley twice before

0:06:45.430,0:06:49.840
September 6 the first time was when

0:06:47.920,0:06:51.310
McKinley it had arrived at the train

0:06:49.840,0:06:53.080
station so if you had just gotten there

0:06:51.310,0:06:54.910
and he was like all ready to go but it

0:06:53.080,0:06:57.280
kind of fell through and then also

0:06:54.910,0:06:59.320
during that September 5th speech I

0:06:57.280,0:07:02.170
mentioned with a huge crowd of people

0:06:59.320,0:07:04.090
Leon had also attended and he was like

0:07:02.170,0:07:08.470
planning on shooting the president thing

0:07:04.090,0:07:10.870
but he did not how did it through like

0:07:08.470,0:07:14.290
it was he did he like fire shots or he

0:07:10.870,0:07:16.570
just decided not to like no shots being

0:07:14.290,0:07:19.240
fired I guess he just decided not to I

0:07:16.570,0:07:20.860
don’t know the specifics maybe you like

0:07:19.240,0:07:23.230
there wasn’t like a clear getaway or

0:07:20.860,0:07:26.320
maybe he didn’t have like the clear shot

0:07:23.230,0:07:28.150
but yeah specifics but either way like

0:07:26.320,0:07:32.830
it fell through but he was pretty

0:07:28.150,0:07:34.810
determined um so here we have Leon he’s

0:07:32.830,0:07:36.730
waiting in line he has a gun wrapped in

0:07:34.810,0:07:41.620
his handkerchief and it’s hidden in his

0:07:36.730,0:07:44.260
jacket pocket and then at 4:07 p.m. Leon

0:07:41.620,0:07:46.270
approaches President McKinley McKinley

0:07:44.260,0:07:49.180
goes to extend his hand for a handshake

0:07:46.270,0:07:52.120
and then Leon fought fires twice point

0:07:49.180,0:08:02.470
Lake at President McKinley stomach what

0:07:52.120,0:08:03.670
is Point Blank I mean it’s like yeah

0:08:02.470,0:08:05.170
isn’t it just like when you’re like

0:08:03.670,0:08:07.300
directly in front of someone or like you

0:08:05.170,0:08:12.430
have like a good shot bro I don’t know I

0:08:07.300,0:08:13.600
don’t know check it I feel like I hear

0:08:12.430,0:08:17.440
that word all the time I should probably

0:08:13.600,0:08:19.710
know it yeah I think he not know that

0:08:17.440,0:08:23.980
let me look at him right now I feel like

0:08:19.710,0:08:25.750
I feel like you just read that right

0:08:23.980,0:08:26.980
like I feel like they said that and

0:08:25.750,0:08:29.710
you’re like yeah they shot him

0:08:26.980,0:08:31.780
point-blank no oh yeah it’s like

0:08:29.710,0:08:33.910
touching you yeah what do you like on

0:08:31.780,0:08:35.740
your okay it’s pretty close yeah also

0:08:33.910,0:08:39.040
like a disclaimer like pretty much all

0:08:35.740,0:08:46.180
my sources are like history calm so it’s

0:08:39.040,0:08:48.450
a great website um so the New York Times

0:08:46.180,0:08:51.700
I’m in their report of his assassination

0:08:48.450,0:08:53.710
so here’s a quote from it they say there

0:08:51.700,0:08:54.430
was an instant of almost complete

0:08:53.710,0:08:56.020
silence

0:08:54.430,0:08:58.960
the hush that follows a clap of thunder

0:08:56.020,0:09:01.240
the president stood Stockstill a look of

0:08:58.960,0:09:03.730
hesitancy almost of bewilderment on his

0:09:01.240,0:09:05.649
face then he retreated a step while a

0:09:03.730,0:09:08.200
pillar began to steal over his features

0:09:05.649,0:09:09.580
the multitude seemed only partially

0:09:08.200,0:09:10.750
aware that something serious had

0:09:09.580,0:09:12.760
happened end quote

0:09:10.750,0:09:14.440
so it was like super dramatic like

0:09:12.760,0:09:16.529
there’s like the whole room is just like

0:09:14.440,0:09:18.779
those completely silent

0:09:16.529,0:09:20.970
um but like everyone there’s like kind

0:09:18.779,0:09:23.100
of confused as to like what happened so

0:09:20.970,0:09:26.670
in this moment like right after McKinley

0:09:23.100,0:09:30.779
a shot oh so after like Leon fires the

0:09:26.670,0:09:33.420
first two times a man named James aka

0:09:30.779,0:09:35.309
Big Jim Parker who was a tall

0:09:33.420,0:09:38.009
african-american man who had been

0:09:35.309,0:09:40.379
waiting in line behind Leon he comes in

0:09:38.009,0:09:43.860
and punches Leon and preventing him from

0:09:40.379,0:09:47.189
firing a third time so yeah it was like

0:09:43.860,0:09:49.319
crazy and then so after James punches

0:09:47.189,0:09:51.269
Leon then like obviously all the

0:09:49.319,0:09:53.339
soldiers and the Secret Service and

0:09:51.269,0:09:55.110
other police members like swarm in on

0:09:53.339,0:09:56.600
Leon and like kind of attack him and

0:09:55.110,0:10:00.689
they’re kind of like beating him up and

0:09:56.600,0:10:02.759
like they only stop until the only stop

0:10:00.689,0:10:04.920
when President McKinley like orders them

0:10:02.759,0:10:07.170
they’re like hey like even though he’s

0:10:04.920,0:10:10.019
just been shot twice he’s like hey he’s

0:10:07.170,0:10:12.059
still able to be like stop hi so he’s

0:10:10.019,0:10:14.279
like he’s like oh like stopping him up

0:10:12.059,0:10:18.389
and then they like remove him from the

0:10:14.279,0:10:21.509
room until after McKinley a shot he is

0:10:18.389,0:10:24.360
taken to the expose hospital where

0:10:21.509,0:10:29.069
unfortunately the only doctor on call is

0:10:24.360,0:10:31.290
a gynecologist um so the first bullet

0:10:29.069,0:10:34.949
had actually like ricocheted off of

0:10:31.290,0:10:39.620
President McKinley suit button and it so

0:10:34.949,0:10:47.910
like it wasn’t which that’s so lucky

0:10:39.620,0:10:49.309
buttons made yeah um so yeah the first

0:10:47.910,0:10:54.389
one I had only caused minor damage

0:10:49.309,0:10:59.000
however the second bullet by an that

0:10:54.389,0:10:59.000
designers like I have save the president

0:10:59.629,0:11:04.170
well it strikes his abdomen and then it

0:11:02.699,0:11:08.069
passes clean through his stomach

0:11:04.170,0:11:11.429
Wow it’s a pretty fatal wound obviously

0:11:08.069,0:11:13.769
but um the doctor was able to suture his

0:11:11.429,0:11:14.160
stomach wound and proven stopped the

0:11:13.769,0:11:16.620
bleeding

0:11:14.160,0:11:18.929
however he couldn’t locate the bullet so

0:11:16.620,0:11:21.059
like the bullet is still in there and

0:11:18.929,0:11:22.790
like you said all like sewed up and

0:11:21.059,0:11:25.350
everything Wow

0:11:22.790,0:11:27.540
however so the few days following a

0:11:25.350,0:11:29.840
shooting McKinley seems to be getting

0:11:27.540,0:11:32.330
better on the newspapers our report

0:11:29.840,0:11:33.500
that he’s awake and he’s alert and he’s

0:11:32.330,0:11:34.940
reading the newspaper and like

0:11:33.500,0:11:36.410
everyone’s like oh like actually he’s

0:11:34.940,0:11:38.780
gonna be fine like don’t worry about it

0:11:36.410,0:11:40.870
and people were so confident that he was

0:11:38.780,0:11:43.640
going to survive that

0:11:40.870,0:11:46.220
McKinley vice president at the time do

0:11:43.640,0:11:50.840
you know his vice president is know if

0:11:46.220,0:11:55.190
it’s Theodore Roosevelt ha what how did

0:11:50.840,0:11:57.320
I not know that oh boy okay I feel

0:11:55.190,0:11:59.870
really dumb actually Teddy is like one

0:11:57.320,0:12:02.240
of my favorite presidents he had no idea

0:11:59.870,0:12:05.240
that like he that’s how he came into

0:12:02.240,0:12:08.270
office right he was deeply yeah he just

0:12:05.240,0:12:09.920
seems a real toilet but yeah so I was

0:12:08.270,0:12:21.500
reading I was like oh my god that’s a

0:12:09.920,0:12:24.890
guy from um Night at the Museum so yeah

0:12:21.500,0:12:26.750
so uh Vice President Roosevelt he went

0:12:24.890,0:12:28.580
on a camping trip in the Adirondacks cuz

0:12:26.750,0:12:32.600
he was like nah he’s gonna be fine like

0:12:28.580,0:12:34.490
Wow Oh Teddy Teddy went on a camping

0:12:32.600,0:12:36.490
trip so they’re like obviously like

0:12:34.490,0:12:41.540
they’re like not like super worried um

0:12:36.490,0:12:44.180
however by September 13th so he was so

0:12:41.540,0:12:47.410
McKinley was shot September 6 right yeah

0:12:44.180,0:12:50.180
her 13th his condition had worsened

0:12:47.410,0:12:51.920
significantly he had gangrene on the

0:12:50.180,0:12:53.660
walls of his stomach he had a severe

0:12:51.920,0:12:56.750
case of blood poisoning and he was

0:12:53.660,0:12:58.400
losing consciousness and on September

0:12:56.750,0:13:00.800
14th at 2:15 a.m.

0:12:58.400,0:13:03.770
President McKinley passes away with his

0:13:00.800,0:13:07.040
wife Ida by his side and he was 58 years

0:13:03.770,0:13:09.890
old at the time of his death that might

0:13:07.040,0:13:12.350
be why like you don’t hear about it as

0:13:09.890,0:13:14.660
an assassination cuz like he survived

0:13:12.350,0:13:16.850
the shot which I think I’m surprised he

0:13:14.660,0:13:20.270
didn’t bleed out and it was like the

0:13:16.850,0:13:22.130
infection later that killed him and like

0:13:20.270,0:13:23.870
that’s why I was super confused when I

0:13:22.130,0:13:26.210
was originally doing my research because

0:13:23.870,0:13:27.680
like I googled like assassination and I

0:13:26.210,0:13:30.770
kept getting two dates it was like

0:13:27.680,0:13:32.540
September 6 and then September 14th and

0:13:30.770,0:13:34.280
I was like which one is the right date

0:13:32.540,0:13:37.910
was it because he’s not on but he

0:13:34.280,0:13:41.330
doesn’t actually die until the 14th so

0:13:37.910,0:13:43.020
yeah so another reason why I don’t I

0:13:41.330,0:13:47.420
remember the

0:13:43.020,0:13:50.400
this assassination story is because like

0:13:47.420,0:13:52.230
his successor is Theodore Roosevelt and

0:13:50.400,0:13:53.850
like everyone talks about him and so I

0:13:52.230,0:13:59.490
feel like kind of McKinley kind of got

0:13:53.850,0:14:02.130
overshadowed ah yeah is that wait Teddy

0:13:59.490,0:14:03.900
became president because McKinley was

0:14:02.130,0:14:05.880
assassinated

0:14:03.900,0:14:08.970
I’m pretty sure he gets elected again

0:14:05.880,0:14:16.860
like Oh like he gets another term okay

0:14:08.970,0:14:20.730
what is okay yeah I think Teddy did such

0:14:16.860,0:14:27.420
a good job yeah that remembers Theodore

0:14:20.730,0:14:30.480
Roosevelt but like is Teddy on the who’s

0:14:27.420,0:14:33.120
on Mount Rushmore Oh God

0:14:30.480,0:14:36.210
like Georgia so he thinks you don’t know

0:14:33.120,0:14:39.990
when I look at it yeah that’s a great

0:14:36.210,0:14:42.660
question yeah it’s Abraham yeah I think

0:14:39.990,0:14:45.420
Teddy’s on plan is he really do you have

0:14:42.660,0:14:47.970
a list yeah he literally is okay yeah

0:14:45.420,0:14:49.530
okay if you died doesn’t matter how

0:14:47.970,0:14:51.690
great you are like you didn’t get put on

0:14:49.530,0:14:54.390
Mount Rushmore and so like it makes

0:14:51.690,0:14:56.900
sense you were overshadowed you didn’t

0:14:54.390,0:14:58.890
make it the Mount Rushmore nobody yeah

0:14:56.900,0:15:01.110
no one’s gonna remember you

0:14:58.890,0:15:03.720
yeah it’s George Washington Thomas

0:15:01.110,0:15:07.970
Jefferson Teddy Roosevelt and Abraham

0:15:03.720,0:15:10.350
was Thomas Jefferson President

0:15:07.970,0:15:14.100
yes and what guess he was because in

0:15:10.350,0:15:17.220
Hamilton it’s like Aaron burrs versus

0:15:14.100,0:15:19.560
Thomas Jefferson and then Hamilton goes

0:15:17.220,0:15:22.110
Jefferson has my vote and then that’s

0:15:19.560,0:15:24.630
why Aaron birch shoots Alexander

0:15:22.110,0:15:26.640
Hamilton because like in a rage the

0:15:24.630,0:15:28.530
angle something so maybe that’s why I

0:15:26.640,0:15:30.660
know absolutely nothing about u.s.

0:15:28.530,0:15:33.590
history no it’s okay Hamilton helped a

0:15:30.660,0:15:36.330
lot like a lot a lot a lot with

0:15:33.590,0:15:38.100
understanding the founding fathers yeah

0:15:36.330,0:15:40.830
I need to just listen to the soundtrack

0:15:38.100,0:15:42.330
and just memorize all the lines yeah

0:15:40.830,0:15:44.100
that would help that’s because they

0:15:42.330,0:15:47.340
literally and they say the dates to

0:15:44.100,0:15:49.950
they’ll be like 1789 and then they’ll go

0:15:47.340,0:15:51.450
it’s really educational that’s my

0:15:49.950,0:15:56.010
homework for tonight is just memorize

0:15:51.450,0:15:57.870
the whole oh this is this is actually

0:15:56.010,0:16:03.930
I’ve never it’s in South Dakota

0:15:57.870,0:16:06.470
yeah yeah yeah that’s right

0:16:03.930,0:16:06.470
okay

0:16:10.700,0:16:19.740
speaking of South Dakota North King this

0:16:13.530,0:16:22.500
is normally Leon sentencing okay Leon

0:16:19.740,0:16:24.089
his trial begins September 23rd and

0:16:22.500,0:16:28.130
during this trial

0:16:24.089,0:16:30.720
um Leon says that his motive and

0:16:28.130,0:16:32.910
shooting the president was to contribute

0:16:30.720,0:16:36.030
to the anarchist cause and so I have two

0:16:32.910,0:16:38.460
quotes from Leon so the first one is I

0:16:36.030,0:16:39.930
don’t believe in the Republican form of

0:16:38.460,0:16:42.120
government and I don’t believe we should

0:16:39.930,0:16:44.160
have any rulers it is right to kill them

0:16:42.120,0:16:46.050
and quote and then they got a second

0:16:44.160,0:16:47.880
quote from him it says it was in my

0:16:46.050,0:16:49.440
heart there was no escape for me all

0:16:47.880,0:16:51.540
those people seemed bowing to the great

0:16:49.440,0:16:56.120
ruler I made up my mind to kill that

0:16:51.540,0:17:00.270
ruler and quote so yeah he was not happy

0:16:56.120,0:17:03.300
yeah and so he actually acted alone in

0:17:00.270,0:17:06.270
this assassination and there’s also

0:17:03.300,0:17:08.550
quite a lot of evidence saying that he

0:17:06.270,0:17:11.939
was more mentally ill rather than

0:17:08.550,0:17:15.270
politically motivated so that’s another

0:17:11.939,0:17:18.150
issue and then three days after his

0:17:15.270,0:17:21.150
trial begins Leon is found guilty and

0:17:18.150,0:17:23.850
sentenced to death and so on October 29

0:17:21.150,0:17:26.790
19:01 man is executed by electric chair

0:17:23.850,0:17:29.550
at new york’s auburn prison and right

0:17:26.790,0:17:31.350
before his death leon is quoted to say i

0:17:29.550,0:17:33.690
killed the president for the good of the

0:17:31.350,0:17:37.560
laboring people the good people i am not

0:17:33.690,0:17:40.580
sorry for my crimes and quote so i what

0:17:37.560,0:17:44.100
was the data on that what day October

0:17:40.580,0:17:47.180
1901 sits the same year Wow okay on

0:17:44.100,0:17:51.360
after he shoots the president and then

0:17:47.180,0:17:53.490
which like I feel well obviously like

0:17:51.360,0:17:55.110
this is different than other like death

0:17:53.490,0:17:56.850
row cases but I feel like people who are

0:17:55.110,0:17:58.590
put on like sentence to death like it

0:17:56.850,0:18:00.360
normally takes like years for it to

0:17:58.590,0:18:02.850
actually be processed but also this was

0:18:00.360,0:18:05.250
in like the it was 1901 so maybe just

0:18:02.850,0:18:08.130
the judicial system was a bit prison

0:18:05.250,0:18:10.860
system was a bit different but yeah um

0:18:08.130,0:18:13.290
and they actually I found a video on

0:18:10.860,0:18:15.630
YouTube I forgot who I’d filmed it at

0:18:13.290,0:18:18.140
the time but like some film company had

0:18:15.630,0:18:21.210
like produced a reenactment of his like

0:18:18.140,0:18:22.860
execution like in the electric chair and

0:18:21.210,0:18:24.780
I didn’t watch it but like obviously

0:18:22.860,0:18:26.820
it’s like old time you film and it’s

0:18:24.780,0:18:31.170
like someone in the chair I’m like okay

0:18:26.820,0:18:33.690
oh man it’s like so obviously McKinley

0:18:31.170,0:18:35.790
President McKinley’s assassination shook

0:18:33.690,0:18:39.090
the whole entire country and like had so

0:18:35.790,0:18:42.540
many impacts on the whole country and so

0:18:39.090,0:18:46.980
in like specifically to the anarchist

0:18:42.540,0:18:48.630
movement um Leon so Leon was part of the

0:18:46.980,0:18:49.260
anarchist movement even though he acted

0:18:48.630,0:18:51.240
alone

0:18:49.260,0:18:53.670
the assassination led to multiple

0:18:51.240,0:18:57.060
arrests of other political radicals on

0:18:53.670,0:19:00.060
one of these is a woman by the name of

0:18:57.060,0:19:03.540
Emma Goldman who was an anarchist who

0:19:00.060,0:19:06.090
speeches Leon had cited frequently and

0:19:03.540,0:19:09.030
so a lot of people are arrested in the

0:19:06.090,0:19:11.310
name of like stopping preventing like

0:19:09.030,0:19:15.540
the future growth of the anarchist

0:19:11.310,0:19:17.880
movement and this detail I really didn’t

0:19:15.540,0:19:20.520
know a lot about but McKinley’s

0:19:17.880,0:19:23.610
assassination had a huge impact on the

0:19:20.520,0:19:26.940
Secret Service so before President

0:19:23.610,0:19:29.310
McKinley’s assassination um pretty for

0:19:26.940,0:19:31.200
the president was SuperDuper chill so

0:19:29.310,0:19:34.020
the Secret Service was actually so it’s

0:19:31.200,0:19:34.970
created in 1865 as a branch of the

0:19:34.020,0:19:37.520
Treasury Department

0:19:34.970,0:19:40.429
and it was created in order to

0:19:37.520,0:19:44.299
investigate counterfeit currency and it

0:19:40.429,0:19:47.240
wasn’t until 1894 when President Grover

0:19:44.299,0:19:48.950
Cleveland um started having the agents

0:19:47.240,0:19:52.880
like work as a security detail on a

0:19:48.950,0:19:54.980
part-time basis however President

0:19:52.880,0:19:58.280
McKinley was the third president to be

0:19:54.980,0:20:00.470
assassinated over 36 year period so this

0:19:58.280,0:20:06.169
is including Lincoln Abraham Lincoln and

0:20:00.470,0:20:10.059
then James Garfield Garfield was shot

0:20:06.169,0:20:12.380
white it was also shot and assassinated

0:20:10.059,0:20:14.990
maybe that’s another future episode

0:20:12.380,0:20:16.760
Alissa’s yeah we should just yeah yeah I

0:20:14.990,0:20:20.059
oughta they know nothing about James

0:20:16.760,0:20:23.059
Garfield like yeah yeah I have no idea

0:20:20.059,0:20:25.010
um so yeah so he was unfortunately

0:20:23.059,0:20:26.659
assassinated as well and then so there

0:20:25.010,0:20:28.730
are four presidents in total who have

0:20:26.659,0:20:33.320
been assassinated so Lincoln Garfield

0:20:28.730,0:20:35.900
McKinley and then John F Kennedy um Wow

0:20:33.320,0:20:39.650
I in my head I was I you know you always

0:20:35.900,0:20:44.450
know like weekend JFK but I think it was

0:20:39.650,0:20:46.700
the first one yeah yeah um so I guess

0:20:44.450,0:20:53.299
yeah I’m not sure why the other two guys

0:20:46.700,0:20:59.900
kind of I think hmm I don’t know I feel

0:20:53.299,0:21:02.780
like who’s your favorite president yeah

0:20:59.900,0:21:05.330
I feel like my uh I think it’s Lincoln

0:21:02.780,0:21:07.520
two for me and like I asked my dad this

0:21:05.330,0:21:09.799
and he was like who else the greatest

0:21:07.520,0:21:12.650
president who ever lived Abraham Lincoln

0:21:09.799,0:21:13.970
and honestly like the more we study

0:21:12.650,0:21:16.789
about history I know we’re just getting

0:21:13.970,0:21:20.630
into it but like Abraham Lincoln did a

0:21:16.789,0:21:22.909
lot a lot a lot a lot uh and like I

0:21:20.630,0:21:24.289
think yeah you know like in school like

0:21:22.909,0:21:25.690
we always learned about Lincoln I was

0:21:24.289,0:21:27.770
like oh my gosh why are you like

0:21:25.690,0:21:29.360
focusing on him so much but then you

0:21:27.770,0:21:31.010
wish you could hurt other presidents

0:21:29.360,0:21:34.640
like he changed the country like so much

0:21:31.010,0:21:36.770
yeah and he led through the Civil War

0:21:34.640,0:21:39.140
which I didn’t understand this too I

0:21:36.770,0:21:43.429
started to look at coronavirus stats for

0:21:39.140,0:21:45.950
like deaths and the Civil War was like

0:21:43.429,0:21:48.320
we lost I think the most Americans in

0:21:45.950,0:21:49.970
the Civil War there’s like Vietnam War

0:21:48.320,0:21:51.380
I think we’re coronavirus cases are like

0:21:49.970,0:21:53.299
more than the people the Americans who

0:21:51.380,0:21:55.399
have died in the Vietnam War and then

0:21:53.299,0:21:57.019
there’s like the next ones like one of

0:21:55.399,0:22:01.570
the world wars I think and then the most

0:21:57.019,0:22:04.340
I’m pretty sure is the Civil War so

0:22:01.570,0:22:06.409
today like we have a lot of people dying

0:22:04.340,0:22:08.899
and remember the population was not as

0:22:06.409,0:22:11.870
big when the Civil War is going on so if

0:22:08.899,0:22:14.240
that many people died and Abraham

0:22:11.870,0:22:16.789
Lincoln was like we are having this like

0:22:14.240,0:22:20.149
no we cannot have like slavery needs to

0:22:16.789,0:22:22.159
end like this is like he had to go

0:22:20.149,0:22:23.960
through so much to like the country

0:22:22.159,0:22:26.360
through that I can’t even imagine I

0:22:23.960,0:22:28.250
don’t think any me too and he like did

0:22:26.360,0:22:28.850
that he did what he believed like was

0:22:28.250,0:22:31.840
right

0:22:28.850,0:22:36.470
despite it’s a half of the country like

0:22:31.840,0:22:38.750
going to war yeah it’s insane and he was

0:22:36.470,0:22:40.370
really inspiring hey we would also love

0:22:38.750,0:22:41.690
Lincoln although I think he was like

0:22:40.370,0:22:43.009
actually born in like Maryland or

0:22:41.690,0:22:44.899
something but like he grew up in

0:22:43.009,0:22:49.519
Illinois I don’t know we have like a

0:22:44.899,0:22:54.110
bunch of stuff yeah again um yeah I know

0:22:49.519,0:22:56.960
I’m he’s good I’m a big fan President

0:22:54.110,0:22:59.139
McKinley because okay I think McKinley’s

0:22:56.960,0:23:06.049
from Ohio I’m pretty sure there’s like a

0:22:59.139,0:23:07.789
yeah I think um ya know Canton Ohio I’m

0:23:06.049,0:23:10.700
pretty sure cuz it was a field trip when

0:23:07.789,0:23:12.529
I was in like middle school as we went

0:23:10.700,0:23:15.379
to his memorial and I was like oh we had

0:23:12.529,0:23:18.649
a president but I had no idea like his

0:23:15.379,0:23:20.090
significance but he did I feel like

0:23:18.649,0:23:21.399
there’s been a lot of presidents from

0:23:20.090,0:23:25.100
Ohio

0:23:21.399,0:23:29.629
there are astronauts a lot of presidents

0:23:25.100,0:23:31.190
John Glenn um yeah so yeah so we should

0:23:29.629,0:23:34.490
okay we should definitely remember

0:23:31.190,0:23:36.590
McKinley um because he also like his

0:23:34.490,0:23:39.320
assassination obviously had this huge

0:23:36.590,0:23:40.580
impact on creating like the modern what

0:23:39.320,0:23:43.879
we know is like the modern Secret

0:23:40.580,0:23:46.759
Service so a little bit more about that

0:23:43.879,0:23:49.360
so at the time the US was just starting

0:23:46.759,0:23:51.379
to emerge as an imperial power and

0:23:49.360,0:23:53.059
national leaders all around the world

0:23:51.379,0:23:55.940
we’re starting to become more concerned

0:23:53.059,0:23:58.429
about threats from not only inside their

0:23:55.940,0:24:00.289
own country but outside as well so this

0:23:58.429,0:24:01.730
is when like you know like foreigners

0:24:00.289,0:24:04.970
like

0:24:01.730,0:24:07.370
before this is not sure but like I guess

0:24:04.970,0:24:08.600
in terms of like American like American

0:24:07.370,0:24:11.990
president seems like maybe they weren’t

0:24:08.600,0:24:14.230
as concerned about like threats from

0:24:11.990,0:24:18.230
foreign nationals so I guess after

0:24:14.230,0:24:20.900
McKinley because even though Leon was an

0:24:18.230,0:24:22.760
American citizen like he was he had a

0:24:20.900,0:24:24.050
foreign sounding sounding name and he

0:24:22.760,0:24:25.880
had immigrated from Poland so like

0:24:24.050,0:24:28.370
people started to become really worried

0:24:25.880,0:24:31.910
about threats from outside of the US um

0:24:28.370,0:24:34.250
and then also anarchy at this time was a

0:24:31.910,0:24:37.160
huge threat or at least was perceived to

0:24:34.250,0:24:38.750
be as a huge threat um Theodore

0:24:37.160,0:24:41.150
Roosevelt was actually quoted to say

0:24:38.750,0:24:43.550
when compared with the suppression of

0:24:41.150,0:24:46.670
Anarchy every other question sinks into

0:24:43.550,0:24:48.050
insignificance unquote so like at the

0:24:46.670,0:24:49.570
time like everyone was really freaking

0:24:48.050,0:24:52.640
out about anarchists and like

0:24:49.570,0:24:54.070
overthrowing the country so after

0:24:52.640,0:24:56.600
President McKinley’s assassination

0:24:54.070,0:24:59.150
Congress assigned full protection of

0:24:56.600,0:25:01.070
acting presidents and the Secret Service

0:24:59.150,0:25:04.060
became the president’s permanent and

0:25:01.070,0:25:06.620
dedicated security detail so that’s why

0:25:04.060,0:25:08.960
we have the Secret Service today and

0:25:06.620,0:25:10.460
that’s why it looks like that and I’m

0:25:08.960,0:25:12.470
okay great question

0:25:10.460,0:25:15.350
so Anarchy is that just a belief that

0:25:12.470,0:25:17.930
there shouldn’t be like essential there

0:25:15.350,0:25:19.220
should be a government okay they just

0:25:17.930,0:25:21.470
want no government they want it to be

0:25:19.220,0:25:25.250
like you just do whatever you want just

0:25:21.470,0:25:28.300
so no laws yeah literally like no laws

0:25:25.250,0:25:30.080
no currency no government just okay

0:25:28.300,0:25:33.260
interesting

0:25:30.080,0:25:33.950
yeah so fact check cuz we said he’s from

0:25:33.260,0:25:35.540
Canton

0:25:33.950,0:25:38.120
yeah William McKinley is actually I just

0:25:35.540,0:25:44.360
checked it he’s from Niles Ohio but his

0:25:38.120,0:25:46.370
memorial is in Canton 99% sure yeah okay

0:25:44.360,0:25:50.210
also I was reading about like so he was

0:25:46.370,0:25:52.070
like at first buried in Ohio I want to

0:25:50.210,0:25:53.780
say probably Canton but he was buried in

0:25:52.070,0:25:56.060
Ohio and then like later they had like

0:25:53.780,0:26:00.080
moved his remains I think it’s like DC

0:25:56.060,0:26:03.650
like or somewhere but yeah there’s a

0:26:00.080,0:26:08.540
Morial memorial yeah in Canton and yeah

0:26:03.650,0:26:11.060
and so um after President McKinley’s

0:26:08.540,0:26:12.780
death Vice President Theodore Roosevelt

0:26:11.060,0:26:18.330
assumes the role

0:26:12.780,0:26:21.180
president and good she comes like there

0:26:18.330,0:26:23.250
well not I feel bad cuz like we did talk

0:26:21.180,0:26:24.720
about like you’re gonna be my greatest

0:26:23.250,0:26:27.060
resident were in literally trying to

0:26:24.720,0:26:28.230
push something like William McKinley I’m

0:26:27.060,0:26:37.890
like you know he’s awesome

0:26:28.230,0:26:40.470
Abraham Lincoln’s Lincoln so much and

0:26:37.890,0:26:43.860
like Teddy was so great he’s omnipresent

0:26:40.470,0:26:47.480
we’re like oh my gosh like he was a

0:26:43.860,0:26:54.710
Night at the Museum I didn’t see him

0:26:47.480,0:26:58.110
that’s true yeah Teddy date Sacagawea in

0:26:54.710,0:26:58.650
which which is not true that did not

0:26:58.110,0:27:02.580
happen

0:26:58.650,0:27:05.660
I always thought like she was so isn’t

0:27:02.580,0:27:05.660
she like a lot younger

0:27:10.220,0:27:15.210
well they’re also supposed to be wax

0:27:12.420,0:27:18.930
figurines so I guess they’re not like

0:27:15.210,0:27:21.450
yeah they don’t have an age yes yeah

0:27:18.930,0:27:23.810
yeah that was really good thank you for

0:27:21.450,0:27:23.810
sharing that

Introducing ‘How Did We Not Know That’

https://anchor.fm/hdwnkt/embed/episodes/Introducing-How-Did-We-Not-Know-That-ef4ldc

Hosts Jac and Nat are fresh out of college and studying for the Foreign Service Officer Test. Unfortunately, they have quickly realized how little they know about world history. Join them each week as they sit down and have a conversation about influential moments in history and ask, “How did we not know that?”

🥳 Help us improve the quality of our podcast by contributing to our Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HowDidWeNotKnowThat

✉️ For questions or business inquires, email us at howdidwenotknowthat@gmail.com

🎙 Anchor: https://anchor.fm/hdwnkt

🐦Twitter: https://twitter.com/HDWNKT

📸 Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/HDWNKT/

Tag: politics

Texas Was A Country?

Hiatus Update! – How Did We Not Know That

Show Notes

Transcript

The Great Depression Was A GOOD Thing?

Hiatus Update! – How Did We Not Know That

Show Notes

Transcript

President McKinley Was Assassinated?

Hiatus Update! – How Did We Not Know That

Show Notes

Transcript

Introducing ‘How Did We Not Know That’