Hiatus Update! – How Did We Not Know That
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Show Notes
The race is off against the Soviet Union and the United States! In a time of rising tensions, science and technology paved our way into space. But WHO actually won the space race and what were we racing for? In honor of the recent SpaceX in partnership with NASA launch, Jac brings us on a journey through the first era of space exploration, the Space Race!
Sources:
https://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/space-race
https://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/space-race
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/moon-space-race/
https://history.state.gov/milestones/1937-1945/us-soviet
https://www.rmg.co.uk/discover/explore/space-race-timeline
Transcript
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hello everyone and welcome back to
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another episode of how did we not know
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that my name is Matt my name is Jack and
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today Jack has a lot of interesting
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stuff to talk about
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yes I do so in honor of the SpaceX
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launch this weekend we’re filming on
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June 1st and the launch was on Sunday no
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it was Saturday it was May
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what was it 30th May 30th May 30th
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yeah I’m May 30th 2020 it’s delayed
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because of rain yeah I was supposed to
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be I’m like a Thursday or something or
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Friday or Wednesday watch party but then
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it got canceled anyways
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SpaceX if you haven’t been reading up on
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the news regarding space
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SpaceX partnered with NASA just launched
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a rocket into space for the first time
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from American soil in like ten years so
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a lot of people are really excited
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because it symbolizes the start of a new
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Space Age in a more space exploration
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which is really exciting so today we’re
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going to talk about B first age of space
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exploration okay it’s like the original
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the original like space the og well
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space war is like cool that’s heavy
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it’s the space race award like maybe one
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day um but okay so let’s start at the
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first space race here we got let’s reel
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it back it’s the end of World War two in
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1945 so actually tell me what you know
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about the space race like do you know in
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a nutshell who was against who basically
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the u.s. is racing against the Soviet
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Union to try to be the first man in
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space and so it’s also like during the
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Cold War so this is kind of just like
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hey we’re gonna beat you yes
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No meet you here and in space everything
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we’re gonna cover it all all dimensions
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everywhere I said meet me at Mars I will
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fight you on Mars
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he’s gonna fight me it oh we’re good
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yeah oh go ahead
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that’s like a summary yeah no you’re
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basically right you basically handled it
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but yeah it was that in a World War two
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so there’s the the US and the Soviet
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Union which just to clarify can I
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discover this one I through my research
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that the Soviet Union is dominated by
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Russia but it’s not actually just Russia
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it’s like the yeah there’s like a lot of
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countries what we know like today it’s
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like the former Soviet bloc countries so
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it’s like Ukraine well we don’t even
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need to prove that you already know no
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but there’s something huge and after it
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collapsed then now we like Russia is the
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biggest country and then we have all
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these things Eastern European countries
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it used to be part of the Soviet Union
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exactly exactly and the USS R stands for
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the United States of Soviet Russia no
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that’s a good guess though it’s the
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Union of Soviet Socialist Republics I
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just want to throw that in there because
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I was talking to a friend and I was like
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what does USSR stand for and she also
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did not know so fun fact seriously
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because I’ve taken so many classes and
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the USSR in the Soviet Union but never
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once have I thought to myself what does
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a US as far as to educate you today I
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was gonna call it USSR so anyways so the
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US and the Soviet Union are against each
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other mainly because of the debate
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between democracy versus communism even
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though it’s the Union of Soviet
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Socialist Republics it’s more of a
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communist regime compared to like
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capitalist and democratic ideas that we
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have in the United States but during
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this time because World War two we were
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fighting against Nazi Germany we even
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though we had a strained relationship
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with them FDR who was president at the
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time acknowledged that the threat of
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Nazi Germany was greater than the threat
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of communism at that time so they teamed
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up together and took down Nazi Germany
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so
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end of the world war happens and both
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sides end up taking rockets from Germany
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after the war specifically this v2
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rocket technology which was like very
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very that was like one of the most
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powerful rockets and that would be very
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scary if the Germans actually were able
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to use that because that was like
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powerful enough to help like send
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nuclear missiles very far around the
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world easily so the Germans had really
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great rocket technology so in addition
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to taking there like long-range missiles
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they also took some German scientists
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like each country took like one watch
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one brilliant rocket scientists from
0:05:30.840,0:05:38.070
like yeah so each side chooses one and
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then I know fun fact I have their names
0:05:38.070,0:05:43.800
but I actually took them out of my notes
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so anyways those two Germans that one
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ends up joining the USSR one joins us
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comes a US citizen they actually both
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are heading like the space race
0:05:51.380,0:05:56.790
initiatives in both countries so because
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a lot of it Rockets came from like the
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v2 space rockets came from like the v2
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rocket technology so to clarify so
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neither East countries neither the US or
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Soviet Union they actually started from
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scratch in the space race they kind of
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just like took Germany’s like head start
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yeah they took Germany’s like very great
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technology and smart people who had
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built that technology which was smart
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but bad very bad and yeah and then they
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turned it into space
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I didn’t no idea I know ready fun fact
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okay so in 1947 the start of the Cold
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War begins because now that the war has
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ended now like tensions resumed and we
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are now focused on splashing down
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communist regimes and yeah I had like
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facts in here about what USSR was but
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you already knew so the nineteen fifties
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are bustling time in the USA we have a
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lot going on it’s the cold war it’s a
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silver
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movement we also have the post-world War
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two boom
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so economy is doing a lot better and
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there’s a lot of growth in technology
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and the tension between the USSR and the
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US starts to grow over technological
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innovation as well so in 1955 which
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signifies like the actual this is the
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year when the space race started both
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countries announced that they intend to
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launch the first artificial satellite
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into space so the race begins
0:07:30.409,0:07:39.870
and then the USSR beats us they win the
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first I think that they launched their
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first satellite called Sputnik 1 which
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Sputnik just means satellite in Russian
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and they launched that in 1957 on
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October 4th so yeah that’s the first
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Earth orbiting satellite in history it’s
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this tiny little silver ball it’s like 2
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feet in diameter I think or maybe the
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size of a basketball and the news of
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this broadcasted a crowd like around the
0:08:05.520,0:08:09.060
world whoever had television so a lot of
0:08:07.289,0:08:11.789
American family is there like sitting
0:08:09.060,0:08:15.529
and watching this in like terror because
0:08:11.789,0:08:17.430
it symbolizes like the USSR was like
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scientifically doing a little better
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than us so technology and so they’re
0:08:22.289,0:08:26.340
gonna use the technology for exactly
0:08:24.539,0:08:29.099
exactly and you bring up a good point
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that the fear wasn’t necessarily just
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that like this small tiny ball was now
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the orbit it was more just like that
0:08:34.860,0:08:39.870
rocket technology that they were capable
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of now they had that and we did not have
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that yet so if there was a war like they
0:08:42.479,0:08:48.390
got the one up and then less than a
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month later they launched their second
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satellite so they already launched their
0:08:50.100,0:08:56.279
first they launched Sputnik 2 that’s a
0:08:51.990,0:08:59.130
success less than a month later and yeah
0:08:56.279,0:09:02.449
in addition to that Sputnik 2 this one’s
0:08:59.130,0:09:05.790
carrying a dog named Laika into space so
0:09:02.449,0:09:09.270
for then yeah and unfortunately like a
0:09:05.790,0:09:11.160
does pass away in the cabin because the
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cabin overheats on like the fourth orbit
0:09:11.160,0:09:16.800
around the Earth so like it doesn’t
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make it back but this does mark the
0:09:16.800,0:09:22.230
first time a living organism has also
0:09:19.590,0:09:25.950
been sent into space so Russia gets that
0:09:22.230,0:09:29.220
one as well so at this point we’re like
0:09:25.950,0:09:31.290
a little nervous and now her president
0:09:29.220,0:09:34.320
at the time Dwight D Eisenhower is like
0:09:31.290,0:09:36.210
speed it up like let’s go so he orders
0:09:34.320,0:09:38.700
the Navy to speed up the project and
0:09:36.210,0:09:41.310
launch a satellite as soon as possible
0:09:38.700,0:09:44.340
and I also need to note that our space
0:09:41.310,0:09:46.830
program at this time at least consisted
0:09:44.340,0:09:48.630
of two different like organizations that
0:09:46.830,0:09:51.180
were working on space technology one was
0:09:48.630,0:09:53.190
the military and then one which hasn’t
0:09:51.180,0:09:55.320
been actually properly formed yet is
0:09:53.190,0:09:59.970
going to be NASA and that’s like more
0:09:55.320,0:10:02.970
publicly displayed race the military
0:09:59.970,0:10:05.390
stuff is more secretive but he’s like he
0:10:02.970,0:10:09.750
orders the military to speed it up so
0:10:05.390,0:10:13.770
December 6 1957 there’s a live broadcast
0:10:09.750,0:10:16.020
of Vanguard TV three test vehicle 3
0:10:13.770,0:10:19.380
which the fact that this is the third
0:10:16.020,0:10:21.510
satellite like TV 3 but I don’t know
0:10:19.380,0:10:23.700
what happened the first two anyways this
0:10:21.510,0:10:25.980
is their satellite but they’re gonna
0:10:23.700,0:10:30.150
launch it’s like this is it so they
0:10:25.980,0:10:32.490
broadcast it live and the satellite like
0:10:30.150,0:10:35.190
launches and then it crashes to the
0:10:32.490,0:10:36.720
ground within like two seconds and you
0:10:35.190,0:10:38.730
should watch the video I have it linked
0:10:36.720,0:10:41.880
in my notes if you take a look it’s the
0:10:38.730,0:10:44.130
most terrifying sad and simultaneously a
0:10:41.880,0:10:45.480
little funny it’s funny now because we
0:10:44.130,0:10:48.960
could laugh about it at the time that
0:10:45.480,0:10:50.640
must have been terrifying yeah it’s like
0:10:48.960,0:10:56.790
the biggest explosion you’ve ever seen
0:10:50.640,0:10:58.500
you really yeah anyway oh sorry yeah no
0:10:56.790,0:11:03.990
we can link it in the show notes as well
0:10:58.500,0:11:06.720
I will post editor at literally how do
0:11:03.990,0:11:11.490
you feel about 2020 like vanguard TV
0:11:06.720,0:11:13.380
thing basically but that was like a huge
0:11:11.490,0:11:15.840
embarrassment and there are news
0:11:13.380,0:11:17.460
articles in Russia that would just like
0:11:15.840,0:11:22.260
poke fun of it and they referred to it
0:11:17.460,0:11:24.570
as slotnick or kaputnik of that oh my
0:11:22.260,0:11:28.430
god it’s beautiful right a little bit of
0:11:24.570,0:11:32.520
friendly banter so they
0:11:28.430,0:11:36.240
some time passes and we finally do get
0:11:32.520,0:11:39.600
the Explorer one project to become a
0:11:36.240,0:11:42.300
success so in 1958 on January 31st we
0:11:39.600,0:11:44.520
finally successfully launched the first
0:11:42.300,0:11:48.300
u.s. satellite into orbit and that was
0:11:44.520,0:11:53.940
Explorer 1 so we finally got one um and
0:11:48.300,0:11:55.920
then we also formed NASA on October 1st
0:11:53.940,0:12:01.320
1958 so asked several months after
0:11:55.920,0:12:03.750
Explorer 1 the public space the public
0:12:01.320,0:12:05.970
space initiative program was actually
0:12:03.750,0:12:07.830
formally known as the National Advisory
0:12:05.970,0:12:11.880
Committee on aeronautics
0:12:07.830,0:12:13.740
so that was NACA and they do like a
0:12:11.880,0:12:15.830
rebrand and it’s now National
0:12:13.740,0:12:18.660
Aeronautics and Space Administration so
0:12:15.830,0:12:24.000
modernly known as NASA so that gets
0:12:18.660,0:12:25.500
formed in 1958 and now a lot more money
0:12:24.000,0:12:28.230
is getting poured into the space program
0:12:25.500,0:12:31.830
because we’re clearly behind and then
0:12:28.230,0:12:34.110
there’s actually so many events so I did
0:12:31.830,0:12:37.020
a quicker summary I’m just gonna quickly
0:12:34.110,0:12:42.150
tell you about some of the things that
0:12:37.020,0:12:44.850
happen from 1958 to 1961 so the u.s.
0:12:42.150,0:12:47.100
launches a communication satellite and a
0:12:44.850,0:12:49.020
weather satellite so they were like okay
0:12:47.100,0:12:51.240
we got the satellite going let’s go just
0:12:49.020,0:12:56.060
like more satellites so like they’re the
0:12:51.240,0:12:58.800
first ones to do like a sound broadcast
0:12:56.060,0:13:00.480
they’re the first maybe not the first
0:12:58.800,0:13:04.490
ones to do a weather satellite but they
0:13:00.480,0:13:07.950
launch that and then the USSR actually
0:13:04.490,0:13:09.960
is doing a lot more stuff with the moon
0:13:07.950,0:13:13.260
so they have their first spacecraft to
0:13:09.960,0:13:15.510
orbit around the moon that was Luna 3
0:13:13.260,0:13:17.910
and then also take photos of the dark
0:13:15.510,0:13:19.920
side of the moon so they’re just like on
0:13:17.910,0:13:24.330
it like getting all these like never
0:13:19.920,0:13:27.900
before see things like yeah yeah it’s
0:13:24.330,0:13:30.540
like oh ok in history class I was taught
0:13:27.900,0:13:32.820
that we want it and I was like I don’t
0:13:30.540,0:13:38.850
know whose opinion that was cuz I don’t
0:13:32.820,0:13:40.200
think I don’t think we’re doing – hi how
0:13:38.850,0:13:41.940
do you decide who wins
0:13:40.200,0:13:44.459
yeah that’s what I was thinking – I’m
0:13:41.940,0:13:46.740
like wait when are we gonna finally get
0:13:44.459,0:13:50.940
the man on the moon because I had not
0:13:46.740,0:13:53.579
heard about like oh yeah why do you man
0:13:50.940,0:13:56.339
but like they literally beat us at
0:13:53.579,0:14:00.260
everything I’ll get into it too at the
0:13:56.339,0:14:02.190
end just to like explain kind of
0:14:00.260,0:14:05.070
actually I’m just gonna say it now so
0:14:02.190,0:14:07.560
basically it was foil alert like um the
0:14:05.070,0:14:10.199
u.s. is like yo like we’re gonna make it
0:14:07.560,0:14:12.779
to the moon first and that will be like
0:14:10.199,0:14:16.980
us winning but this there’s not really
0:14:12.779,0:14:18.870
any proof that like the Soviet Union was
0:14:16.980,0:14:22.709
trying to make like put a man on the
0:14:18.870,0:14:24.630
moon but then that was like the term
0:14:22.709,0:14:26.519
does like whoever gets a man to the moon
0:14:24.630,0:14:31.350
is first but that was determined by who
0:14:26.519,0:14:33.750
like it was determined by us who’s even
0:14:31.350,0:14:36.060
establishing like the race course we
0:14:33.750,0:14:39.510
don’t even know there’s like it we’re
0:14:36.060,0:14:41.430
not clear yeah and I was like um I
0:14:39.510,0:14:43.800
actually have a few friends who are
0:14:41.430,0:14:45.360
Russian so I ping them and I was like
0:14:43.800,0:14:46.920
hey listen like what did you teach you
0:14:45.360,0:14:49.079
about the space race cuz I just want to
0:14:46.920,0:14:51.720
know like do you guys think you won or
0:14:49.079,0:14:54.529
is it like is it agreed that we won
0:14:51.720,0:15:00.660
because I think you guys want as well
0:14:54.529,0:15:02.459
anyways um we did so um one of them went
0:15:00.660,0:15:04.290
to international school so he was like I
0:15:02.459,0:15:06.899
don’t know if I can comment on this but
0:15:04.290,0:15:09.089
when he he’s gonna ask some of his like
0:15:06.899,0:15:11.760
local Russian Russian friends and then
0:15:09.089,0:15:13.500
yeah let me know and then my other
0:15:11.760,0:15:14.730
friend has not responded yet
0:15:13.500,0:15:17.310
but when they do I’ll let you guys know
0:15:14.730,0:15:19.589
if we get the soundbite if I they
0:15:17.310,0:15:21.980
respond like before we post this episode
0:15:19.589,0:15:25.050
I’ll like come in and comment
0:15:21.980,0:15:26.670
I don’t even honestly after I did the
0:15:25.050,0:15:29.160
research I was like you know what I need
0:15:26.670,0:15:31.230
to know like um I think you guys are
0:15:29.160,0:15:35.550
just gonna tell me you think that’s fine
0:15:31.230,0:15:38.310
yeah so yeah anyways let’s go Rach so
0:15:35.550,0:15:41.790
there during the moon stuff 1960 the
0:15:38.310,0:15:44.579
USSR also sent two more dogs and a range
0:15:41.790,0:15:48.000
of plants and they’re the first ones to
0:15:44.579,0:15:51.449
send living organisms that arrived back
0:15:48.000,0:15:53.860
onto earth Oh safely so they go into
0:15:51.449,0:15:58.660
space and they come back alive
0:15:53.860,0:16:03.520
oh oh sorry I also like sent a chimp up
0:15:58.660,0:16:04.570
there money ha oh so 1961 a year later a
0:16:03.520,0:16:06.490
year later
0:16:04.570,0:16:09.400
let me just read that Saul year after
0:16:06.490,0:16:12.430
them they launched the United States
0:16:09.400,0:16:15.940
launches a chimpanzee named ham I don’t
0:16:12.430,0:16:19.990
know why they named him ham oh and he is
0:16:15.940,0:16:23.230
the first great ape in space to survive
0:16:19.990,0:16:24.580
the landing and like when I read that I
0:16:23.230,0:16:26.560
was like okay you guys are just like
0:16:24.580,0:16:28.270
trying to one-up them like they sent an
0:16:26.560,0:16:31.870
animal and you’re like this animal is
0:16:28.270,0:16:34.330
more similar to Isis ooh that’s like ice
0:16:31.870,0:16:38.800
one up in you but it was also like a
0:16:34.330,0:16:44.550
year late so anyways they did that in
0:16:38.800,0:16:48.610
1961 and then on April 12th of 1961
0:16:44.550,0:16:51.010
this is after the great Soviet Union’s
0:16:48.610,0:16:53.530
or ham sorry this is after ham goes to
0:16:51.010,0:16:59.350
space the chimpanzee then the Soviet
0:16:53.530,0:17:01.510
Union sends Yuri Gagarin into space and
0:16:59.350,0:17:03.700
he makes a single orbit around the Earth
0:17:01.510,0:17:08.080
before landing back in West Russia on
0:17:03.700,0:17:10.870
Bostock one so Yuri is the first human
0:17:08.080,0:17:15.220
in space and he’s also the first human
0:17:10.870,0:17:20.410
to orbit the Earth by 1961 so at this
0:17:15.220,0:17:23.770
point the USSR is clearly winning I did
0:17:20.410,0:17:27.190
not I thought but I thought we were the
0:17:23.770,0:17:31.240
first people is we win I look to the
0:17:27.190,0:17:36.430
moon Wow yeah no we literally lost
0:17:31.240,0:17:41.770
everything but like for like one right
0:17:36.430,0:17:43.600
oh okay giannis like okay I looked at
0:17:41.770,0:17:46.030
some Smithsonian stuff and they claimed
0:17:43.600,0:17:49.120
that they found documents that prove
0:17:46.030,0:17:51.130
that the Soviet Union was competing to
0:17:49.120,0:17:53.410
make it to the moon and so they’re like
0:17:51.130,0:17:55.570
that’s why we’ve won but I was like okay
0:17:53.410,0:17:58.330
this is the liquor United States Museum
0:17:55.570,0:18:02.470
that’s telling me this and I just like
0:17:58.330,0:18:04.270
them doing so well I don’t know if they
0:18:02.470,0:18:05.590
really were trying to make it to the
0:18:04.270,0:18:07.290
moon because the Soviet Union claimed
0:18:05.590,0:18:09.540
that like we weren’t trying to put them
0:18:07.290,0:18:13.140
on the moon and I know you guys worry
0:18:09.540,0:18:15.120
like we found some notes I don’t know
0:18:13.140,0:18:18.000
but I’m just saying I do have faith that
0:18:15.120,0:18:21.240
if they had wanted to be dude to do that
0:18:18.000,0:18:24.870
they probably would have most likely
0:18:21.240,0:18:27.330
most likely and like also like I mean if
0:18:24.870,0:18:29.460
you’re just making Italian like Soviet
0:18:27.330,0:18:32.070
Union is like miles and miles ahead of
0:18:29.460,0:18:39.360
us so they yeah that’s very interesting
0:18:32.070,0:18:41.670
I always won the space race yeah also
0:18:39.360,0:18:43.950
too just like the only reason I think
0:18:41.670,0:18:46.680
that maybe they would not have put a man
0:18:43.950,0:18:48.480
on the moon that I think like maybe that
0:18:46.680,0:18:50.490
would have been like USSR was like we
0:18:48.480,0:18:52.680
can’t do it is because that does take a
0:18:50.490,0:18:54.990
lot of fuel because you have to overcome
0:18:52.680,0:18:56.460
like the gravitational pull of the moon
0:18:54.990,0:18:59.610
and you have to have enough fuel to come
0:18:56.460,0:19:03.030
back and like accomplishing that takes a
0:18:59.610,0:19:06.180
lot of energy on like your rockets as
0:19:03.030,0:19:08.430
well so I was like since Soviet Union
0:19:06.180,0:19:11.460
was considered a second world country
0:19:08.430,0:19:14.280
they did not have as much economic like
0:19:11.460,0:19:16.290
growth and production as we did so
0:19:14.280,0:19:19.530
America during this time was way
0:19:16.290,0:19:22.410
wealthier than like almost every country
0:19:19.530,0:19:24.240
in the world so that’s the only yeah I
0:19:22.410,0:19:26.610
was like okay maybe like they caught up
0:19:24.240,0:19:28.800
during that and also it sounds like
0:19:26.610,0:19:31.020
they’re focusing more and like orbiting
0:19:28.800,0:19:33.410
and reaching other parts of the world
0:19:31.020,0:19:35.790
rather than like I don’t know it doesn’t
0:19:33.410,0:19:38.010
maybe they’re like what’s the point of
0:19:35.790,0:19:39.930
going to like yeah it was my thought too
0:19:38.010,0:19:44.460
I was like maybe they didn’t see a lot
0:19:39.930,0:19:47.100
of value yeah I don’t know but okay so
0:19:44.460,0:19:50.010
after Yuri Gagarin comes back President
0:19:47.100,0:19:52.350
Kennedy is elected in 1960 so Yuri
0:19:50.010,0:19:54.450
Gagarin comes back in 1961 and
0:19:52.350,0:19:57.120
immediately after he comes back
0:19:54.450,0:20:02.010
President Kennedy wants to know what can
0:19:57.120,0:20:03.270
we do to get ahead in this race so his
0:20:02.010,0:20:05.880
vice president who at the time was
0:20:03.270,0:20:07.890
lyndon b johnson takes like a poll with
0:20:05.880,0:20:10.710
like nasa in different industries and
0:20:07.890,0:20:14.880
they decide that with a very strong
0:20:10.710,0:20:17.340
effort the US could conceivably beat the
0:20:14.880,0:20:19.470
Soviets at sending a man around the moon
0:20:17.340,0:20:22.020
or landing a man
0:20:19.470,0:20:23.580
the moon so that’s when they’re like
0:20:22.020,0:20:27.929
alright that’s our goal like this is
0:20:23.580,0:20:29.520
gonna be like the finish line um so the
0:20:27.929,0:20:33.210
reason why that hadn’t been done either
0:20:29.520,0:20:35.429
by the 19th by like 1961 is because
0:20:33.210,0:20:37.260
neither country at the time had
0:20:35.429,0:20:39.330
developed the rocket that would be
0:20:37.260,0:20:41.309
powerful enough for that mission because
0:20:39.330,0:20:45.690
again gravitational poles if you have to
0:20:41.309,0:20:47.669
overcome them so they’re like job that’s
0:20:45.690,0:20:49.770
gonna be the goal so May 25th 1961
0:20:47.669,0:20:52.590
President Kennedy gives his speech about
0:20:49.770,0:20:54.929
them choosing to go to the moon and this
0:20:52.590,0:20:57.330
is his famous like moonshot speech and
0:20:54.929,0:20:59.039
I’m gonna tell you like the quote from
0:20:57.330,0:21:02.070
it that everyone knows that this is my
0:20:59.039,0:21:04.320
absolute favorite quote from JFK and he
0:21:02.070,0:21:06.510
says we choose to go to the moon in this
0:21:04.320,0:21:08.460
decade and do other things not because
0:21:06.510,0:21:11.429
they are easy but because they are hard
0:21:08.460,0:21:15.690
and I just like really love that and
0:21:11.429,0:21:17.159
even if we were losing a lot of space I
0:21:15.690,0:21:19.950
think that’s really beautiful when it’s
0:21:17.159,0:21:22.350
like a good sentiment to like why we
0:21:19.950,0:21:24.809
pursue technology and exploration and
0:21:22.350,0:21:27.659
why that’s important it’s like purely
0:21:24.809,0:21:29.820
because we can it’s like it’s difficult
0:21:27.659,0:21:31.890
and that also got me through my computer
0:21:29.820,0:21:34.260
science degree because well it’s not
0:21:31.890,0:21:41.940
easy and so I would always like look at
0:21:34.260,0:21:43.710
that quote yeah ok so he gives us super
0:21:41.940,0:21:46.710
inspiring speech and then we started to
0:21:43.710,0:21:49.620
do a little better so we end up sending
0:21:46.710,0:21:51.539
Alan Shepard into space so he’s our
0:21:49.620,0:21:54.600
first American in space but he doesn’t
0:21:51.539,0:21:58.200
orbit this is done a 1961 katidis comes
0:21:54.600,0:22:02.460
up into space and comes back down so but
0:21:58.200,0:22:04.260
like hey we’re catching up yeah pretty
0:22:02.460,0:22:07.799
cool right
0:22:04.260,0:22:12.470
and then our man John Glenn represent go
0:22:07.799,0:22:16.080
box so John Glenn ends up being the
0:22:12.470,0:22:18.960
first American to go orbit the earth and
0:22:16.080,0:22:23.340
that’s on February 20th of 1962 on the
0:22:18.960,0:22:28.470
friendship 7 mission yeah love John
0:22:23.340,0:22:31.409
Glenn and then in 1963 though USSR sends
0:22:28.470,0:22:32.669
the first woman into space and she also
0:22:31.409,0:22:37.679
orbits the earth
0:22:32.669,0:22:40.679
and her name was valentina Tereshkova
0:22:37.679,0:22:45.600
and she actually orbits the earth 48
0:22:40.679,0:22:49.230
times in his face Vostok 6 yeah so John
0:22:45.600,0:22:50.460
Glenn did I get like three orbits and
0:22:49.230,0:22:53.220
then I think there was like a faulty
0:22:50.460,0:22:57.629
light switch and he had to come back so
0:22:53.220,0:22:59.220
she did it 48 times Hurdle at that point
0:22:57.629,0:23:01.109
it’s just like a rubber you get it right
0:22:59.220,0:23:05.279
there literally was like literally
0:23:01.109,0:23:10.739
running laps around us oh my god
0:23:05.279,0:23:16.049
yeah and then in 1965 on March 18th the
0:23:10.739,0:23:19.499
USSR essence aleksey leonov in his face
0:23:16.049,0:23:22.739
in this like specialized spacesuit in
0:23:19.499,0:23:25.529
the spacecraft bush for two and he does
0:23:22.739,0:23:27.299
the first-ever spacewalk so that’s where
0:23:25.529,0:23:29.279
you like to leave the spacecraft and
0:23:27.299,0:23:31.739
like just walk in outer space and you’re
0:23:29.279,0:23:35.190
like spacesuit and he did that for 12
0:23:31.739,0:23:36.779
minutes little wild like we were the
0:23:35.190,0:23:40.499
first to the moon we weren’t even the
0:23:36.779,0:23:43.919
first like to actually like walk in
0:23:40.499,0:23:49.649
space that’s so did yeah so USSR wind
0:23:43.919,0:23:51.690
that too so yeah at this point the USSR
0:23:49.649,0:23:53.909
is killing it and they’re sending a lot
0:23:51.690,0:23:56.669
of cosmonauts into space which cosmonaut
0:23:53.909,0:23:58.409
is just like a Russian astronaut so we
0:23:56.669,0:24:01.559
call them astronauts but they call them
0:23:58.409,0:24:04.139
cosmonauts and the u.s. is still pretty
0:24:01.559,0:24:08.190
far behind we did send a satellite to
0:24:04.139,0:24:09.869
Mars which is cool awesome but I mean
0:24:08.190,0:24:11.629
it’s just like satellites right like
0:24:09.869,0:24:15.419
what they’re doing a lot of satellites
0:24:11.629,0:24:18.749
it’s not as impressive right and I want
0:24:15.419,0:24:20.460
to talk about at this time like I’m sure
0:24:18.749,0:24:22.830
this is very stressful for a lot of
0:24:20.460,0:24:24.749
Americans because it’s not just a space
0:24:22.830,0:24:28.559
race to them it symbolizes the fight
0:24:24.749,0:24:31.350
between democracy and communism and the
0:24:28.559,0:24:33.359
Cold War is during this time and later
0:24:31.350,0:24:36.720
on like Cuban Missile Crisis happens and
0:24:33.359,0:24:38.580
everything so the tension is really just
0:24:36.720,0:24:40.440
over like proving and pushing themselves
0:24:38.580,0:24:44.159
if they’re smarter than the other side
0:24:40.440,0:24:46.050
and like let’s kick my god just must be
0:24:44.159,0:24:47.790
so embarrassing
0:24:46.050,0:24:49.290
amazing and super nerve-wracking because
0:24:47.790,0:24:51.720
you’re here saying like America’s great
0:24:49.290,0:24:53.310
and like we’re like we got democracy and
0:24:51.720,0:24:55.770
capitalism all this is really good but
0:24:53.310,0:24:57.390
then this other countries like with
0:24:55.770,0:25:00.960
everything that we’re fighting against
0:24:57.390,0:25:02.640
is actually doing really well yeah at
0:25:00.960,0:25:04.290
least in the space race I don’t know
0:25:02.640,0:25:07.950
with how the country was doing
0:25:04.290,0:25:10.920
economically yeah so later though in
0:25:07.950,0:25:13.860
1967 actually both countries start to
0:25:10.920,0:25:15.720
struggle a little bit with the space
0:25:13.860,0:25:18.150
race there actually someone fortunate
0:25:15.720,0:25:20.670
deaths we had we lost like three
0:25:18.150,0:25:24.780
astronauts because they were on I think
0:25:20.670,0:25:27.420
was Apollo 7 and a fire broke out like
0:25:24.780,0:25:29.460
in the aircraft or in the spacecraft and
0:25:27.420,0:25:31.440
the doors had been sealed so they
0:25:29.460,0:25:34.200
actually died from a fire inside there
0:25:31.440,0:25:36.210
the spacecraft that was really important
0:25:34.200,0:25:38.850
yeah but then the Russian the Russians
0:25:36.210,0:25:40.800
the Soviet Union also left lost an
0:25:38.850,0:25:44.460
astronaut because his parachute
0:25:40.800,0:25:47.670
malfunction upon landing oh my gosh
0:25:44.460,0:25:49.700
that’s horrifying to me go hold it’s
0:25:47.670,0:25:52.200
awful you make it all the way back and
0:25:49.700,0:25:54.540
that’s like yeah the parachute was the
0:25:52.200,0:26:00.350
issue so that was a bad year for both of
0:25:54.540,0:26:03.750
them but then in 1968 the US aircraft
0:26:00.350,0:26:05.850
Apollo a is the first human crewed
0:26:03.750,0:26:08.490
spacecraft to reach the moon and orbit
0:26:05.850,0:26:11.660
it and then return to Earth so they
0:26:08.490,0:26:13.950
start doing a little better also um the
0:26:11.660,0:26:15.930
USSR didn’t have like a ton of stuff
0:26:13.950,0:26:18.120
that I was seeing during this era so I
0:26:15.930,0:26:19.590
would be interested to know what was
0:26:18.120,0:26:21.390
going on because I feel like there must
0:26:19.590,0:26:25.220
have been something else economically
0:26:21.390,0:26:29.430
preventing them from like good this is
0:26:25.220,0:26:31.740
1968 so like 1967 they’re starting to
0:26:29.430,0:26:35.130
have some space trouble it’s 1968 we
0:26:31.740,0:26:39.090
don’t hear like anything really from the
0:26:35.130,0:26:43.200
USSR and then like the u.s. actually
0:26:39.090,0:26:45.030
starts to do a little more with like
0:26:43.200,0:26:47.760
orbiting the moon and like sending
0:26:45.030,0:26:51.840
people into space and then we finally
0:26:47.760,0:26:56.720
get to 1969 where we have Neil Armstrong
0:26:51.840,0:26:59.180
and Michael Collins and Buzz Aldrin
0:26:56.720,0:27:03.050
Aldrin well there is it
0:26:59.180,0:27:05.080
yeah so those three are on the Apollo 11
0:27:03.050,0:27:07.850
and I feel really bad because I did not
0:27:05.080,0:27:11.110
realize Michael calling this was part of
0:27:07.850,0:27:15.380
the crew everyone just remembers yeah
0:27:11.110,0:27:17.630
hmm yeah I know who is because Michael
0:27:15.380,0:27:20.360
Collins actually didn’t walk on the moon
0:27:17.630,0:27:22.520
so Neil Armstrong and Buzz become the
0:27:20.360,0:27:24.200
first men to walk on the moon but their
0:27:22.520,0:27:27.230
crew mate Michael Collins is the one
0:27:24.200,0:27:30.830
that’s orbiting the moon aboard the
0:27:27.230,0:27:32.510
Apollo 11 so he’s like driving it he’s
0:27:30.830,0:27:34.640
just like but doesn’t even check over I
0:27:32.510,0:27:36.140
guess wait there’s a movie
0:27:34.640,0:27:37.790
okay I’m gonna sound really dumb but I
0:27:36.140,0:27:39.020
swear there’s a movie about this and
0:27:37.790,0:27:40.310
it’s probably like really popular but I
0:27:39.020,0:27:46.180
swear I watch it when I was little and
0:27:40.310,0:27:48.920
it really shows really sad about it oh
0:27:46.180,0:27:52.700
I’m a little upset actually like I would
0:27:48.920,0:27:54.920
want to be walking on the moon too you
0:27:52.700,0:27:59.660
just the driver did you guys have fun
0:27:54.920,0:28:03.200
yeah how was it like what was it like we
0:27:59.660,0:28:04.940
don’t even know it’s super sad so a big
0:28:03.200,0:28:07.250
shout out to Michael Collins thank you
0:28:04.940,0:28:09.230
for your service to America and
0:28:07.250,0:28:14.870
everything you did we really appreciate
0:28:09.230,0:28:17.480
you but yeah this is they televised the
0:28:14.870,0:28:20.180
moon landing and that was witnessed
0:28:17.480,0:28:24.590
around the world by 723 million people
0:28:20.180,0:28:26.660
and it was claimed to secure a victory
0:28:24.590,0:28:29.360
for America in the space race but also
0:28:26.660,0:28:30.830
people at least Americans we like to say
0:28:29.360,0:28:35.840
that that was the end of the space race
0:28:30.830,0:28:37.640
and I’ll say Neil Armstrong’s famous
0:28:35.840,0:28:40.370
quote when he took his first step he
0:28:37.640,0:28:42.940
said that’s one small step for man one
0:28:40.370,0:28:45.620
giant leap for mankind
0:28:42.940,0:28:52.610
mmm-hmm those fantastic you know you
0:28:45.620,0:28:55.790
rehearse that yeah I got to come up with
0:28:52.610,0:28:58.700
something good it was like I feel like
0:28:55.790,0:29:00.050
Neil and Buzz probably like rode down
0:28:58.700,0:29:01.880
what they wanted to say and then took a
0:29:00.050,0:29:07.760
vote I’m like you had the better quote
0:29:01.880,0:29:11.240
I’m like drafting together I love that
0:29:07.760,0:29:12.020
yeah okay so after that that’s like a
0:29:11.240,0:29:15.350
huge deal
0:29:12.020,0:29:18.140
awesome time then we do some more moon
0:29:15.350,0:29:21.380
stuff with like throughout the years
0:29:18.140,0:29:25.190
after that the USSR actually launches
0:29:21.380,0:29:26.930
the first space station which is becomes
0:29:25.190,0:29:28.580
like core segments for the International
0:29:26.930,0:29:31.580
Space Station when that gets built in
0:29:28.580,0:29:34.220
the 2000s so I was like maybe the USSR
0:29:31.580,0:29:36.740
is more focused on spacecraft and just
0:29:34.220,0:29:38.570
like getting like things up into space
0:29:36.740,0:29:42.440
that you could like continually go back
0:29:38.570,0:29:45.050
and forth Jim while the u.s. seemed to
0:29:42.440,0:29:48.410
be more focused on the moon but anyways
0:29:45.050,0:29:51.080
by 1975 that’s the end of the space race
0:29:48.410,0:29:53.300
so like 1969 is another landing a little
0:29:51.080,0:29:56.150
bit stuff goes on but then 1975 is the
0:29:53.300,0:29:57.440
official end and that was really result
0:29:56.150,0:29:59.840
because the relations between the
0:29:57.440,0:30:04.030
countries started to improve and were
0:29:59.840,0:30:08.090
negotiated by the Soviet liyan Leonid
0:30:04.030,0:30:10.910
Brezhnev I hope probably not and US
0:30:08.090,0:30:13.100
President Nixon so they start to move
0:30:10.910,0:30:15.410
forward into cooperation over
0:30:13.100,0:30:19.130
competition with space exploration I
0:30:15.410,0:30:22.730
think it’s beautiful the beautiful thing
0:30:19.130,0:30:25.130
that happened to ADA yeah it’s like a
0:30:22.730,0:30:28.340
happy ending so the mission started to
0:30:25.130,0:30:31.820
die down and the I guess the final
0:30:28.340,0:30:35.510
mission is in 1975 us-soviet relations
0:30:31.820,0:30:37.520
improved and they created a joint
0:30:35.510,0:30:41.650
program between the two powers called
0:30:37.520,0:30:46.580
Apollo Soyuz Sawyer’s mission
0:30:41.650,0:30:49.370
apollo-soyuz mission and that basically
0:30:46.580,0:30:51.410
was they would send three US astronauts
0:30:49.370,0:30:54.500
aboard an Apollo spacecraft and dock it
0:30:51.410,0:30:57.890
in orbit with the Soviet Soyuz vehicle
0:30:54.500,0:30:59.300
so they had like a spacecraft already in
0:30:57.890,0:31:02.210
space so we’re gonna send three
0:30:59.300,0:31:05.300
Americans to that spacecraft and when
0:31:02.210,0:31:07.370
they got to the spacecraft they shook
0:31:05.300,0:31:10.190
hands and I was like the first handshake
0:31:07.370,0:31:13.790
between nations and space and exchanged
0:31:10.190,0:31:17.090
gifts and like celebrated so that was
0:31:13.790,0:31:20.330
really really cool to read about then
0:31:17.090,0:31:22.010
that’s like the message if you want to
0:31:20.330,0:31:24.590
advance technology we got to work
0:31:22.010,0:31:25.890
together we should write being right
0:31:24.590,0:31:28.260
hey it’s all
0:31:25.890,0:31:31.650
like let’s just explore together let’s
0:31:28.260,0:31:34.220
be collaborative but yeah that
0:31:31.650,0:31:37.620
symbolizes the final into the space race
0:31:34.220,0:31:39.690
okay and like they’re saying lots of
0:31:37.620,0:31:41.880
benefits happen from the space race I
0:31:39.690,0:31:44.130
think that the greatest benefit where
0:31:41.880,0:31:46.950
was like the funding and research and
0:31:44.130,0:31:49.440
education and the general improved
0:31:46.950,0:31:52.200
interest in like science and technology
0:31:49.440,0:31:53.640
and engineering and math like imagine
0:31:52.200,0:31:55.290
seeing like you know how much we
0:31:53.640,0:31:56.400
glamorize like celebrities and
0:31:55.290,0:31:58.830
everyone’s like I really want to be a
0:31:56.400,0:32:00.840
singer but at the time like astronauts
0:31:58.830,0:32:03.240
for the coolest thing and so everyone
0:32:00.840,0:32:05.460
wanted to go into like stem and be a
0:32:03.240,0:32:08.100
part of that and everyone want to be
0:32:05.460,0:32:11.700
like astronauts and stuff so that was
0:32:08.100,0:32:14.429
really cool and I’m excited that we are
0:32:11.700,0:32:16.830
starting a new Space Age because it’s
0:32:14.429,0:32:18.960
gonna inspire a lot of new scientists
0:32:16.830,0:32:19.320
and engineers and that’s really good for
0:32:18.960,0:32:21.750
us
0:32:19.320,0:32:23.280
ya know that’s super exciting this
0:32:21.750,0:32:25.470
weekend who was really exciting I didn’t
0:32:23.280,0:32:28.830
realize it had been so long since we had
0:32:25.470,0:32:32.790
sent like an American open to space I’ve
0:32:28.830,0:32:34.890
been really thinking about it’s not
0:32:32.790,0:32:36.660
something that we would invest in either
0:32:34.890,0:32:39.990
because it is really like space
0:32:36.660,0:32:41.340
exploration ain’t cheap and we’re
0:32:39.990,0:32:44.820
literally doing it because we were
0:32:41.340,0:32:46.890
terrified of like a nuclear war so yeah
0:32:44.820,0:32:51.960
yeah it’s good that I pushed us forward
0:32:46.890,0:32:54.330
but yeah I do want to add one thing I
0:32:51.960,0:32:56.730
might sound stupid saying this I want to
0:32:54.330,0:32:59.820
publicly state like I am NOT a fake
0:32:56.730,0:33:00.360
moonkin spirit like slamming conspiracy
0:32:59.820,0:33:03.390
theorists
0:33:00.360,0:33:07.230
however like while you’re talking about
0:33:03.390,0:33:10.169
like how far behind me were and like we
0:33:07.230,0:33:14.280
were just really lagging I’m like hmm I
0:33:10.169,0:33:16.140
could kind of see why the government
0:33:14.280,0:33:20.630
would want to say that not saying they
0:33:16.140,0:33:23.070
did no that’s all I’m gonna say I
0:33:20.630,0:33:24.809
promise I’m not I believe the moon
0:33:23.070,0:33:27.419
landing was real but I just didn’t
0:33:24.809,0:33:29.940
realize how far we were and I’m there
0:33:27.419,0:33:34.169
must have been so much pressure and all
0:33:29.940,0:33:37.500
of these like American like uh oh my
0:33:34.169,0:33:40.650
gosh whistle we’re just scientists yeah
0:33:37.500,0:33:42.690
and astronauts like thank you so much
0:33:40.650,0:33:45.390
all the people all the Americans who
0:33:42.690,0:33:47.250
worked to help us get to the moon
0:33:45.390,0:33:50.220
because they must have been under so
0:33:47.250,0:33:52.530
much pressure right it’s definitely very
0:33:50.220,0:33:54.420
stressful very admirable I’m just like I
0:33:52.530,0:33:56.940
don’t even know where I would start like
0:33:54.420,0:34:00.890
I studied stem and I’m like if you told
0:33:56.940,0:34:00.890
me just good man to the moon I’d be like
0:34:02.450,0:34:09.690
huge huge gains we also from it had a
0:34:06.900,0:34:11.370
lot of innovations in technology because
0:34:09.690,0:34:13.980
of like our quest for space so like
0:34:11.370,0:34:16.860
freeze-dried foods memory foam
0:34:13.980,0:34:19.919
mattresses cancer treatments satellites
0:34:16.860,0:34:21.419
that we use for gps’s and like our
0:34:19.919,0:34:24.679
phones a call because of the space race
0:34:21.419,0:34:27.179
like Oh a lights are really useful
0:34:24.679,0:34:29.129
that’s really interesting I also have a
0:34:27.179,0:34:32.100
question for you I don’t know you know
0:34:29.129,0:34:36.840
this but so I guess like our next big
0:34:32.100,0:34:40.230
goal is to colonize Mars to get to Mars
0:34:36.840,0:34:43.620
right is that like so it’s pretty much
0:34:40.230,0:34:47.100
headed by SpaceX right right it’s like
0:34:43.620,0:34:49.679
NASA in partnership with SpaceX and so
0:34:47.100,0:34:53.280
is it an international effort or is it
0:34:49.679,0:34:55.679
mostly American I don’t know let me
0:34:53.280,0:35:00.210
check it out actually because I’d be
0:34:55.679,0:35:03.270
really interested because I feel like
0:35:00.210,0:35:05.070
that’s kind of the new era or at least
0:35:03.270,0:35:09.260
one of the aspects of the new era we’re
0:35:05.070,0:35:11.210
entering yeah I would
0:35:09.260,0:35:13.610
I feel it could be more collaborative
0:35:11.210,0:35:16.220
but honestly the most I hear from which
0:35:13.610,0:35:18.880
is I mean where are Americans so like
0:35:16.220,0:35:23.240
most of our news is like skewed with
0:35:18.880,0:35:25.310
American news but I like here the most
0:35:23.240,0:35:30.610
of it from like Elon Musk so I don’t
0:35:25.310,0:35:34.700
know so congratulations on your new son
0:35:30.610,0:35:38.230
he just just have a baby like that’s a
0:35:34.700,0:35:43.310
big month for him yeah why is it was
0:35:38.230,0:35:46.040
celebratory time right yeah that’s also
0:35:43.310,0:35:48.470
I wanted to say yeah I kinda I don’t
0:35:46.040,0:35:50.720
think they staged the moon landing like
0:35:48.470,0:35:54.980
I watched a conspiracy on it and I was
0:35:50.720,0:35:57.410
like no I don’t think so um but you’re
0:35:54.980,0:35:59.720
right they were really far behind and I
0:35:57.410,0:36:01.430
also just kind of feel like the u.s. was
0:35:59.720,0:36:02.810
like you know like when you’re in
0:36:01.430,0:36:04.160
elementary school and there’s like that
0:36:02.810,0:36:06.050
kid on the playground he’s like do you
0:36:04.160,0:36:08.540
want to race with me and you’re like
0:36:06.050,0:36:10.490
sure we can race and they’re like okay
0:36:08.540,0:36:12.230
like first went to the tree wins and
0:36:10.490,0:36:13.700
then they’ll be like you’ll like start
0:36:12.230,0:36:15.590
running and they’ll be like no I didn’t
0:36:13.700,0:36:16.880
say go yet and then they’ll view like
0:36:15.590,0:36:18.920
way I said you have to cross the finish
0:36:16.880,0:36:20.660
line like hopping on one foot so it
0:36:18.920,0:36:22.460
doesn’t count so I would like I just
0:36:20.660,0:36:25.250
feel like the u.s. is like that kid on
0:36:22.460,0:36:27.680
the playground it’s so true or – if
0:36:25.250,0:36:41.180
you’re playing like rock-paper-scissors
0:36:27.680,0:36:44.360
it’s like oh no that’s out of three love
0:36:41.180,0:36:47.570
being American but y’all we were not I
0:36:44.360,0:36:50.630
don’t think we won that yeah I think
0:36:47.570,0:36:54.620
it’s important to know like about the
0:36:50.630,0:36:56.090
space race as a whole and maybe we
0:36:54.620,0:36:58.780
should still be I’m so really proud of
0:36:56.090,0:37:01.910
all the achievements we made but yeah
0:36:58.780,0:37:04.550
important to recognize it and it made us
0:37:01.910,0:37:06.980
better right like we really focused more
0:37:04.550,0:37:09.320
on technology because of it so I think
0:37:06.980,0:37:11.360
overall it’s like a good thing to have
0:37:09.320,0:37:11.600
two countries pushing each other like
0:37:11.360,0:37:14.150
that
0:37:11.600,0:37:16.910
yes because without that we would
0:37:14.150,0:37:17.330
probably be a lot farther behind than we
0:37:16.910,0:37:19.010
are today
0:37:17.330,0:37:20.140
we would not have been as motivated to
0:37:19.010,0:37:26.320
spend all that
0:37:20.140,0:37:29.910
and time yay well thank you so much jack
0:37:26.320,0:37:29.910
for saying that that was really fun
0:37:30.230,0:37:51.300
[Music]
How Did We Not Know That 